DJ Henderson – Page 36

On the OpenAI Economic Blueprint

openai / DJ Henderson / January 15, 2025

The primary Man With a Plan this week for government-guided AI prosperity was UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer, with a plan coming primarily from Matt Clifford. I’ll be covering that soon.

Today I will be covering the other Man With a Plan, Sam Altman, as OpenAI offers its Economic Blueprint.

Cyrps1s (CISO OpenAI): AI is the ultimate race. The winner decides whether the future looks free and democratic, or repressed and authoritarian.

OpenAI, and the Western World, must win – and we have a blueprint to do so.

Do you hear yourselves? The mask on race and jingoism could not be more off, or firmly attached, depending on which way you want to set up your metaphor. If a movie had villains talking like this people would say it was too on the nose.

Somehow the actual documents tell that statement to hold its beer.

The initial exploratory document is highly disingenuous, trotting out stories of the UK requiring people to walk in front of cars waving red flags and talking about ‘AI’s main street,’ while threatening that if we don’t attract $175 billion in awaiting AI funding it will flow to China-backed projects. They even talk about creating jobs… by building data centers.

The same way some documents scream ‘an AI wrote this,’ others scream ‘the authors of this post are not your friends and are pursuing their book with some mixture of politics-talk and corporate-speak in the most cynical way you can imagine.’

I mean, I get it, playas gonna play, play, play, play, play. But can I ask OpenAI to play with at least some style and grace? To pretend to pretend not to be doing this, a little?

As opposed to actively inserting so many Fnords their document causes physical pain.

The full document starts out in the same vein. Chris Lehane, their Vice President of Global Affairs, writes an introduction as condescending as I can remember, and that plus the ‘where we stand’ repeat the same deeply cynical rhetoric from the summary.

In some sense, it is not important that the way the document is written makes me physically angry and ill in a way I endorse – to the extent that if it doesn’t set off your bullshit detectors and reading it doesn’t cause you pain, then I notice that there is at least some level on which I shouldn’t trust you.

But perhaps that is the most important thing about the document? That it tells you about the people writing it. They are telling you who they are. Believe them.

This is related to the ‘truesight’ that Claude sometimes displays.

As I wrote that, I was only on page 7, and hadn’t even gotten to the actual concrete proposals.

The actual concrete proposals are a distinct issue. I was having trouble reading through to find out what they are because this document filled me with rage and made me physically ill.

It’s important to notice that! I read documents all day, often containing things I do not like. It is very rare that my body responds by going into physical rebellion.

No, the document hasn’t yet mentioned even the possibility of any downside risks at all, let alone existential risks. And that’s pretty terrible on its own. But that’s not even what I’m picking up here, at all. This is something else. Something much worse.

Worst of all, it feels intentional. I can see the Fnords. They want me to see them. They want everyone to implicitly know they are being maximally cynical.

All right, so if one pushes through to the second half and the actual ‘solutions’ section, what is being proposed, beyond ‘regulating us would be akin to requiring someone to walk in front of every car waiving a red flag, no literally.’

The top level numbered statements describe what they propose, I attempted to group and separate proposals for better clarity. The nested statements (a, b, etc) are my reactions.

They say the Federal Government should, in a section where they actually say words with meanings rather than filling it with Fnords:

Share national security information and resources.
1. Okay. Yes. Please do.
Incentivize AI companies to deploy their products widely, including to allied and partner nations and to support US government agencies.
1. Huh? What? Is there a problem here that I am not noticing? Who is not deploying, other than in response to other countries regulations saying they cannot deploy (e.g. the EU)? Or are you trying to actively say that safety concerns are bad?
Support the development of standards and safeguards, and ensure they are recognized and respected by other nations.
1. In a different document I would be all for this – if we don’t have universal standards, people will go shopping. However, in this context, I can’t help but read it mostly as pre-emption, as in ‘we want America to prevent other states from imposing any safety requirements or roadblocks.’
Share its unique expertise with AI companies, including mitigating threats including cyber and CBRN.
1. Yes! Very much so. Jolly good.
Help companies access secure infrastructure to evaluate model security risks and safeguards.
1. Yes, excellent, great.
Promote transparency consistent with competitiveness, protect trade secrets, promote market competition, ‘carefully choose disclosure requirements.’
1. I can’t disagree, but how could anyone?
2. The devil is in the details. If this had good details, and emphasized that the transparency should largely be about safety questions, it would be another big positive.
Create a defined, voluntary pathway for companies that develop LLMs to work with government to define model evaluations, test models and exchange information to support the companies safeguards.
1. This is about helping you, the company? And you want it to be entirely voluntary? And in exchange, they explicitly want preemption from state-by-state regulations.
2. Basically this is a proposal for a fully optional safe harbor. I mean, yes, the Federal government should have a support system in place to aid in evaluations. But notice how they want it to work – as a way to defend companies against any other requirements, which they can in turn ignore when inconvenient.
3. Also, the goal here is to ‘support the companies safeguards,’ not to in any way see if the models are actually a responsible thing to release on any level.
4. Amazing to request actively less than zero Federal regulations on safety.
Empower the public sector to quickly and securely adopt AI tools.
1. I mean, sure, that would be nice if we can actually do it as described.

A lot of the components here are things basically everyone should agree upon.

Then there are the parts where, rather than this going hand-in-hand with an attempt to not kill everyone and ensure against catastrophes, attempts to ensure that no one else tries to stop catastrophes or prevent everyone from being killed. Can’t have that.

They also propose that AI ‘builders’ could:

Form a consortium to identify best practices for working with NatSec.
Develop training programs for AI talent.

I mean, sure, those seem good and we should have an antitrust exemption to allow actions like this along with one that allows them to coordinate, slow down or pause in the name of safety if it comes to that, too. Not that this document mentions that.

Sigh, here we go. Their solutions for thinking of the children are:

Encourage policy solutions that prevent the creation and distribution of CSAM. Incorporate CSAM protections into the AI development lifestyle. ‘Take steps to prevent downstream developers from using their models to generate CSAM.’
1. This is effectively a call to ban open source image models. I’m sorry, but it is. I wish it were not so, but there is no known way to open source image models, and have them not be used for CSAM, and I don’t see any reason to expect this to be solvable, and notice the reference to ‘downstream developers.’
Promote conditions that support robust and lasting partnerships among AI companies and law enforcement.

Apply provenance data to all AI-generated audio-visual content. Use common provenance standards. Have large companies report progress.
1. Sure. I think we’re all roughly on the same page here. Let’s move on to ‘preferences.’
People should be ‘empowered to personalize their AI tools.’
1. I agree we should empower people in this way. But what does the government have to do with this? None of their damn business.
People should control how their personal data is used.
1. Yes, sure, agreed.
‘Government and industry should work together to scale AI literacy through robust funding for pilot programs, school district technology budgets and professional development trainings that help people understand how to choose their own preferences to personalize their tools.’
1. No. Stop. Please. These initiatives never, ever work, we need to admit this.
2. But also shrug, it’s fine, it won’t do that much damage.

And then, I feel like I need to fully quote this one too:

In exchange for having so much freedom, users should be responsible for impacts of how they work and create with AI. Common-sense rules for AI that are aimed at protecting from actual harms can only provide that protection if they apply to those using the technology as well as those building it.
1. If seeing the phrase ‘In exchange for having so much freedom’ doesn’t send a chill down your spine, We Are Not the Same.
2. But I applaud the ‘as well as’ here. Yes, those using the technology should be responsible for the harm they themselves cause, so long as this is ‘in addition to’ rather than shoving all responsibility purely onto them.

Finally, we get to ‘infrastructure as destiny,’ an area where we mostly agree on what is to actually be done, even if I despise a lot of the rhetoric they’re using to argue for it.

Ensure that AIs can train on all publicly available data.
1. This is probably the law now and I’m basically fine with it.
‘While also protecting creators from unauthorized digital replicas.’
1. This seems rather tricky if it means something other than ‘stop regurgitation of training data’? I assume that’s what it means, while trying to pretend it’s more than that. If it’s more than that, they need to explain what they have in mind and how one might do it.
Digitize government data currently in analog form.
1. Probably should do that anyway, although a lot of it shouldn’t go on the web or into LLMs. Kind of a call for government to pay for data curation.
‘A Compact for AI’ for capital and supply chains and such among US allies.
1. I don’t actually understand why this is necessary, and worry this amounts to asking for handouts and to allow Altman to build in the UAE.
‘AI economic zones’ that speed up the permitting process.
1. Or we could, you know, speed up the permitting process in general.
2. But actually we can’t and won’t, so even though this is deeply, deeply stupid and second best it’s probably fine. Directionally this is helpful.
Creation of AI research labs and workforces aligned with key local industries.
1. This seems like pork barrel spending, an attempt to pick our pockets, we shouldn’t need to subsidize this. To the extent there are applications here, the bottleneck won’t be funding, it will be regulations and human objections, let’s work on those instead.
‘A nationwide AI education strategy’ to ‘help our current workforce and students become AI ready.’
1. I strongly believe that what this points towards won’t work. What we actually need is to use AI to revolutionize the education system itself. That would work wonders, but you all (in government reading this document) aren’t ready for that conversation and OpenAI knows this.
More money for research infrastructure and science. Basically have the government buy the scientists a bunch of compute, give OpenAI business?
1. Again this seems like an attempt to direct government spending and get paid. Obviously we should get our scientists AI, but why can’t they just buy it the same way everyone else does? If we want to fund more science, why this path?
Leading the way on the next generation of energy technology.
1. No arguments here. Yay next generation energy production.
2. Clearly Altman wants Helion to get money but I’m basically fine with that.
Dramatically increase federal spending on power and data transmission and streamlined approval for new lines.
1. I’d emphasize approvals and regulatory barriers more than money.
2. Actual dollars spent don’t seem to me like the bottleneck, but I could be convinced otherwise.
3. If we have a way to actually spend money and have that result in a better grid, I’m in favor.
Federal backstops for high-value AI public works.
1. If this is more than ‘build more power plants and transmission lines and batteries and such’ I am confused what is actually being proposed.
2. In general, I think helping get us power is great, having the government do the other stuff is probably not its job.

When we get down to the actual asks in the document, a majority of them I actually agree with, and most of them are reasonable, once I was able to force myself to read the words intended to have meaning.

There are still two widespread patterns to note within the meaningful content.

The easy theme, as you would expect, is the broad range of ‘spend money on us and other AI things’ proposals that don’t seem like they would accomplish much. There are some proposals that do seem productive, especially around electrical power, but a lot of this seems like the traditional ways the Federal government gets tricked into spending money. As long as this doesn’t scale too big, I’m not that concerned.
Then there is the play to defeat any attempt at safety regulation, via Federal regulations that actively net interfere with that goal in case any states or countries wanted to try and help. There is clear desirability of a common standard for this, but a voluntary safe harbor preemption, in exchange for various nebulous forms of potential cooperation, cannot be the basis of our entire safety plan. That appears to be the proposal on offer here.

The real vision, the thing I will take away most, is in the rhetoric and presentation, combined with the broader goals, rather than the particular details.

OpenAI now actively wants to be seen as pursuing this kind of obviously disingenuous jingoistic and typically openly corrupt rhetoric, to the extent that their statements are physically painful to read – I dealt with much of that around SB 1047, but this document takes that to the next level and beyond.

OpenAI wants no enforced constraints on their behavior, and they want our money.

OpenAI are telling us who they are. I fully believe them.

Discussion about this post

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After CEO exit, Sonos gets rid of its chief product officer, too

audio, Software, Sonos, Tech / DJ Henderson / January 14, 2025

A day after announcing that CEO Patrick Spence is departing the company, Sonos revealed that chief product officer Maxime Bouvat-Merlin is also leaving. Bouvat-Merlin had the role since 2023.

As first reported by Bloomberg, Sonos will not fill the chief product officer role. Instead, Tom Conrad, the interim CEO Sonos announced yesterday, will take on the role’s responsibilities. In an email to staff cited by Bloomberg (you can read the letter in its entirety at The Verge), Conrad explained:

With my stepping in as CEO, the board, Max, and I have agreed that my background makes the chief product officer role redundant. Therefore, Max’s role is being eliminated and the product organization will report directly to me. I’ve asked Max to advise me over the next period to ensure a smooth transition and I am grateful that he’s agreed to do that.

In May, Sonos released an update to its app that led to customers, many of them long-time users, revolting over broken features, like accessibility capabilities and the ability to set timers. Sonos expects that remedying the app and Sonos’ reputation will cost it at least $20 million to $30 million.

As head of the company, Spence received a lot of blame and has also been criticized for not apologizing for the problems until July. However, numerous reports have also attributed blame to Bouvat-Merlin.

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New Glenn to make another launch attempt early Thursday

blue origin, new glenn, Space / DJ Henderson / January 13, 2025

However, weather at the launch site remained a concern. According to forecasters at the 45th Space Wing, at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, there was a 70 percent chance unfavorable launch conditions. Concerns include cumulus clouds, thick clouds, and liftoff winds.

For one or both of these reasons, shortly after 8 pm ET on Monday the company waved off a launch attempt for later that night. This necessitated a 48-hour delay because a Falcon 9 rocket carrying two private lunar landers, one built by Firefly and the other ispace, is due to launch during a similar early morning window on Wednesday.

Therefore Blue Origin is now targeting a window from 1 am ET (06: 00 UTC) to 4 am ET on Thursday for the much-anticipated debut of the New Glenn rocket. Blue Origin again plans to provide a webcast carrying live coverage of New Glenn’s launch attempt on the company’s website.

Note: This story was updated after Blue Origin’s decision to forego a Tuesday morning launch attempt.

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Biofilms, unwashed hands: FDA found violations at McDonald’s ex-onion supplier

E. coli, fda, food safety, health, inspection, mcdonalds, onions, outbreak, taylor farms / DJ Henderson / January 13, 2025

Perhaps most concerning, FDA inspectors noted that employees were never seen washing their hands. Instead, they wore gloves, and if they touched dirty surfaces or items, they would simply put hand sanitizer on their dirty gloves and carry on. What they should have been doing was removing their dirty gloves, washing their hands, and getting clean gloves. However, the FDA inspectors never saw this happen, and managers confirmed that hand sanitizing gloves was common practice.

The inspectors also noted that the facility’s equipment was always wet. Employees applied sanitizing solutions on knives and other equipment used to dice and chop fresh produce. The sanitizing solution is meant to be air-dried before use, but Taylor Farms employees immediately used the equipment—still dripping with sanitizing solution—to cut RTE produce.

On one day of the inspection, FDA agents saw employees chop RTE lettuce with equipment that was wet with sanitizing solution at the maximum concentration, which was 200 ppm. In another instance, the inspectors saw an employee mix cleaning chemicals together to make a sanitizing solution, which the employee said was done “routinely.” When inspectors asked about the mixture, Taylor Farms “could not find the source of this recipe,” nor could they find the manufacturer label or other information stating the mixture was designed for use.

“Highest expectations”

In a statement to CBS, Taylor Farms said that it “immediately took steps to address” the problems found in the FDA’s inspection, which resulted in no “administrative or regulatory action” against the company.

“Taylor Farms is confident in our best-in-class food safety processes, and in turn, the quality and safety of our products,” the company said in the statement. “As is common following an inspection, FDA issued observations of conditions that could be improved at one of our facilities.” The company added that “no illnesses or public health threat has been linked to these observations” in the inspection.

McDonald’s, meanwhile, said it had stopped getting onions from the facility.

“We hold our suppliers to the highest expectations and standards of food safety. Prior to this inspection, and unrelated to its findings, McDonald’s stopped sourcing from Taylor Farms’ Colorado Springs facility,” McDonald’s said in a statement.

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2002’s Neverwinter Nights gets a patch in 2025 from “unpaid software engineers”

Bioware, gaming, Neverwinter Nights, obsidian, Obsidian Entertainment / DJ Henderson / January 13, 2025

Neverwinter Nights came out in 2002 and received an enhanced edition in 2018. In 2025, that should really be it, but there’s something special about Bioware’s second dip into the Dungeons & Dragons universe. The energy from the game’s community is strong enough that, based largely on the work of “unpaid software engineers,” the game received a new patch last week.

Neverwinter Nights (NN) Enhanced Edition (on Steam and GOG) now has anti-aliasing and anisotropic filtering built in, major improvements to its networking code and performance, and more than 100 other improvements. As noted by PC Gamer, NN was originally built for single-core CPUs, so while it may seem odd to seek “major” improvements to performance for a 23-year-old RPG, it is far from optimized for modern systems.

NN received a similar fan-led patch, described as “a year-long love effort” by community developers, in 2023.

Perhaps it’s not so surprising that NN achieved this kind of fan-driven immortality. Opinions vary on the virtues of its single-player campaigns, but its “persistent worlds,” essentially tiny MMOs run by people with DM-like powers, kept it from giving off the abandoned feel of other “massive” online games. Fantasy author Luke Scull credits the game with launching his writing career and continues to work on an unofficial sequel to the game, The Blades of Netheril, with a roadmap of seven chapters through at least 2027.

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$getting-an-all-optical-ai-to-handle-non-linear-math$

Getting an all-optical AI to handle non-linear math

AI, Computer science, optical processing, optics, Science / DJ Henderson / January 12, 2025

The problem is that this cascading requires massive parallel computations that, when done on standard computers, take tons of energy and time. Bandyopadhyay’s team feels this problem can be solved by performing the equivalent operations using photons rather than electrons. In photonic chips, information can be encoded in optical properties like polarization, phase, magnitude, frequency, and wavevector. While this would be extremely fast and energy-efficient, building such chips isn’t easy.

Siphoning light

“Conveniently, photonics turned out to be particularly good at linear matrix operations,” Bandyopadhyay claims. A group at MIT led by Dirk Englund, a professor who is a co-author of Bandyopadhyay’s study, demonstrated a photonic chip doing matrix multiplication entirely with light in 2017. What the field struggled with, though, was implementing non-linear functions in photonics.

The usual solution, so far, relied on bypassing the problem by doing linear algebra on photonic chips and offloading non-linear operations to external electronics. This, however, increased latency, since the information had to be converted from light to electrical signals, processed on an external processor, and converted back to light. “And bringing the latency down is the primary reason why we want to build neural networks in photonics,” Bandyopadhyay says.

To solve this problem, Bandyopadhyay and his colleagues designed and built what is likely to be the world’s first chip that can compute the entire deep neural net, including both linear and non-linear operations, using photons. “The process starts with an external laser with a modulator that feeds light into the chip through an optical fiber. This way we convert electrical inputs to light,” Bandyopadhyay explains.

The light is then fanned out to six channels and fed into a layer of six neurons that perform linear matrix multiplication using an array of devices called Mach-Zehnder interferometers. “They are essentially programmable beam splitters, taking two optical fields and mixing them coherently to produce two output optical fields. By applying the voltage, you can control how much those the two inputs mix,” Bandyopadhyay says.

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Three bizarre home devices and a couple good things at CES 2025

AI, ai slop, CES, CES 2025, Google Home, Google Nest Hub, home automation, lg, matter, philips hue, Smart Home, switchbot, Tech / DJ Henderson / January 11, 2025

You can’t replace cats with AI, not yet

Some quietly good things made an appearance at CES 2025, amidst the AI slush.

Credit: Verity Burns/WIRED UK

Every year, thousands of product vendors, journalists, and gadget enthusiasts gather in an unreasonable city to gawk at mostly unrealistic products.

To be of service to our readers, Ars has done the work of looking through hundreds of such items presented at the 2025 Consumer Electronic Show, pulling out the most bizarre, unnecessary, and head-scratching items. Andrew Cunningham swept across PC and gaming accessories. This writer stuck to goods related to the home.

It’s a lie to say it’s all a prank, so I snuck in a couple of actually good things for human domiciles announced during CES. But the stuff you’ll want to tell your family and friends about in mock disbelief? Plenty of that, still.

AI-powered spice dispenser: Spicerr

A hand holding a white tubular device, with spice tubes loaded into a bottom area, spices dropping out of the bottom. — Credit: Spicerr

Part of my job is to try and stretch my viewpoint outward—to encompass people who might not have the same experiences and who might want different things from technology. Not everybody is a professional writer, pecking away in Markdown about the latest turn-based strategy game. You must try to hear many timbres inside the common voice in your head when addressing new products and technologies.

I cannot get there with Spicerr, the “world’s first AI-powered spice dispenser,” even leaving aside the AI bit. Is the measurement and dumping of spices into a dish even five percent of the overall challenge? Will a mechanical dispenser be any more precise than standard teaspoons? Are there many kinds of food on which you would want to sprinkle a “customized blend” of spices? Are there home cooks so dedicated to fresh, bright flavors that they want their spices delivered in small vials, at presumably premium prices, rather than simply having small quantities of regularly restocked essentials?

Maybe the Spicerr would be a boon to inexperienced cooks, whose relatives all know them to under-season their food. Rather than buying them a battery-powered device, they must charge to “take the guesswork out of seasoning,” though, you could … buy them good cookbooks, or a Times Cooking subscription, or just a few new bottles of paprika, oregano, cumin, cayenne, and turmeric.

Philips Hue’s (sigh) AI-powered lighting assistants

Image of AI assistant responding to prompts from user, — Credit: Signify

I’m not dismayed that Philips Hue is jumping on the “This has AI now” bandwagon. Well, I am, but not specifically dismayed, because every vendor at CES this year is hawking AI. No, the bad thing here is that Hue lights are devices that work great. Maybe Philips’ pursuit of an “AI assistant” to help you figure out that Halloween lights should be orange-ish won’t distract them from their core product’s reliability. But I have my doubts.

Hue has recently moved from a relatively open lighting system to an app-and-account-required, cloud-controlled scheme, supposedly in the name of security and user control. Having an AI assistant is perhaps another way to sell services beyond hardware, like the $130 or $3/month LG TV app it now offers. The AI service is free for now, but charging for it in the future is far from impossible.

Again, none of this should necessarily affect people who, like me, use Hue bulbs to have a porch light come on at sunset or turn a dim, warm hue when it’s time to wind down. But it felt like Hue, which charges a very decent amount for their hardware, might have held off on chasing this trend.

Robot vacuums doing way too much

Switchbot K20+ Pro holding up a tablet while a woman does a yoga pose in front of an insanely wealthy-person view of a California cliffside. — Credit: Switchbot

Robot vacuums are sometimes worth the hassle and price… if you don’t mind doing a pre-vacuum sweep of things that might get stuck in its brushes, you’ve got room for an emptying base or will empty it yourself, and you don’t mind that they usually miss floor edges and corners. They’re fine, I’m saying.

Robot vacuum makers have steadfastly refused to accept “fine” and are out way over their skis this year. In one trade show, you can find:

Eureka’s J15 Max Ultra, incorporating “IntelliView AI 2.0,” infrared, and FHD vision, detects liquid spills and switches brushes and vacuums to better clean and avoid spreading.
Roborock’s Saros Z70 has a “mechanical task arm” that can pick up objects like socks and small debris (up to 10.5 ounces) and put them in a pre-determined pile spot.
SwitchBot’s modular K20+ Pro, which is a vacuum onto which you can attach air purifiers, tablet mounts, security cameras, or other things you want rolling around your home.
Dreame’s X50, which can pivot to clean some small ledges but cannot actually climb.
The Narwal Flow, which has a wide, flat, off-center mop to reach wall edges.

Pricing and availability are not available for these vacuums yet, but each is likely to set you back the equivalent of at least one new MacBook. They are also rather big devices to stash in your home (it’s hard to hide an arm or an air purifier). Each is an early adopter device, and getting replacement consumable parts for them long-term is an uncertain bet. I’m not sure who they are for, but that has not stopped this apparently fertile field from growing many new products.

Now for good things, starting with Google Home

Nest Hub second generation, on a nightstand with a bamboo top and dim lamp in the near background. — Credit: Corey Gaskin

I’ve been watching and occasionally writing about the progress of the nascent Matter smart home protocol, somewhat in the vein of a high school coach who knows their team is held back by a lack of coordination, communication, and consistent direction. What Matter wants to do is vital for the future of the smart home, but it’s very much a loose scrimmage right now.

And yet, this week, in a CES-adjacent announcement, Google reminded me that Matter can really, uh, matter. All of Google Home’s hub devices—Nest screens and speakers, Chromecasts, Google TV devices running at least Android 14, and a few other gadgets—can interoperate with Matter devices locally, with no cloud required.

That means people with a Google Home setup can switch devices, adjust volumes, and otherwise control devices, faster, with Internet outages or latency no longer an issue. Local, no-cloud-required control of devices across brands is one of Matter’s key promises, and seeing it happen inside one major home brand is encouraging.

More we’ll-see-what-happens news is the unveiling of the public Home APIs, which promise to make it easier for third-party devices to be set up, integrated, and automated in a Google Home setup. Even if you’re skeptical of Google’s long-term support for APIs, the company is also working with the Matter group to improve the Matter certification process for all devices. Device makers should then have Matter to fall back onto, failing enthusiasm for Google Home APIs.

This cat tower is also an air purifier; it is also good

Two fake cats, sitting on seats atop an air purifier at CES 2025 — Credit: Verity Burns/WIRED UK

There are a lot of phones out there that need charging and a bunch of gamers who, for some reason, need even more controllers and screens to play on. But there is another, eternally underserved market getting some attention at CES: cats wanting to sit.

LG, which primarily concerned itself with stuffing generative AI interfaces into every other device at CES 2025, crafted something that feels like a real old-time trade show gimmick. There is no guarantee that your cat will use the AeroCat Tower; some cats may just sit inside the cardboard box it came in out of spite. But should they deign to luxuriate on it, the AeroCat will provide gentle heat beneath them, weigh them, and give you a record of their sleep habits. Also, it purifies the air in that room.

There is no pricing or availability information yet. But if you like your cats, you want to combine the function of a cat tower and air purifier, or you just want to consider something even just a little bit fun about the march of technology, look out for this one.

Kevin is a senior technology reporter at Ars Technica, covering open-source software, PC gaming, home automation, repairability, e-bikes, and tech history. He has previously worked at Lifehacker, Wirecutter, iFixit, and Carbon Switch.

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Tesla’s Model Y crossover finally gets a facelift—just in China for now

Cars, Tesla Model Y / DJ Henderson / January 11, 2025

Yesterday, Tesla revealed a facelift for its bestselling Model Y crossover. Or at least it did if you live in China—customers in the US and Europe will need to continue to wait for the revamped electric vehicle.

Better efficiency was a goal—in the past, Tesla simply ignored complaints over its exaggerated range claims, but now it says the Model Y, codenamed “Juniper,” has updated suspension, wheels, and tires that “make the driving experience smoother and quieter.”

Tesla says that range has increased from 427 miles (688 km) to 446 miles (719 km), albeit under the Chinese efficiency testing regime, which produces very different numbers from the more realistic tests used by the US Environmental Protection Agency.

More obvious are the new treatments for the front and rear, with a full-width daylight running light at the front and a full-width rear light. On the inside, Tesla has added ventilated front seats and an infotainment screen for the rear passengers, and there are now blindspot monitors, all additions that will help Tesla stay close to feature parity with its many rivals in that market.

Chinese customers will be expected to pay a price premium for the facelifted model, however. Tesla has increased the price by more than 5 percent, although at $35,939 (263,500 yuan) before incentives, it remains far cheaper than the $44,990 starting price for the Model Y in the US.

Speaking of the US, consumers here wishing to buy a facelifted Model Y probably have a few more months before that becomes possible. The even more outdated Model 3 received its “Highland” update in China in September 2023, with European sales starting a month later, but in the US, the revamped Model 3 only appeared in early 2024. A similar wait for the “Juniper” Model Y should be expected, as the company will need to refit its Model Y production lines at its factories in Germany, California, and Texas before that can happen.

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Strange, unique, and otherwise noteworthy PCs and PC accessories from CES 2025

Acer, ASUS, cases, CES 2025, inwin, Lenovo, NUC, PCs, steam deck, Tech / DJ Henderson / January 10, 2025

i respect and applaud the effort

Most of these experiments don’t stick around for long, but who knows.

Acer’s Nitro Blaze 11, which takes the “portable” out of “portable handheld gaming PC.” Credit: Acer

The Consumer Electronics Show is a reliable source of announcements about iterative updates to PCs and PC components. A few of those announcements are significant enough in some way that they break through all that noise—Nvidia’s RTX 50-series GPUs and their lofty promises about AI-generated frames did that this year, as did Dell’s decision to kill multiple decades-old PC brands and replace them with a bland series of “Pro/Premium/Plus” tiers.

But CES is also a place where PC companies and accessory makers get a little weird, taking some bigger (and occasionally questionable) swings alongside a big batch of more predictable incremental refreshes. As we’ve covered the show from afar this year, here are some of the more notable things we’ve seen.

Put an E-Ink screen on it: Asus NUC 14 Pro AI+

The NUC 14 Pro AI+ finds a way to combine E-Ink, AI, and turn-of-the-millennium translucent plastic into a single device. Credit: Asus

The strangest CES PCs are usually the ones that try to pull away from “a single screen attached to a keyboard” in some way. Sometimes, those PCs have a second screen stashed somewhere; sometimes, they have a screen that stretches; sometimes, they get rid of the keyboard part and extend the screen down where you expect that keyboard to be.

Asus is currently the keeper of Intel’s old NUC mini PC line, and this year it’s updating the NUCs mostly by putting new processors in them. But the Asus NUC 14 Pro AI+ also decides to spice things up by adding a color E-Ink display on top, one with images that can display persistently even when the device is off.

While other PCs with shoehorned-in E-Ink displays have at least tried to do something functional—older laptops in Lenovo’s ThinkBook Plus series could be used as E-Ink tablets when they were closed—the screen on the NUC 14 Pro AI+ seems strictly ornamental. Asus offers few details about how it works: “users can generate AI images through the built-in app, allowing them to create unique personal identification designs that continuously display content without being plugged in, consuming no power.”

All of Asus’ product shots show the NUC with the same pattern of abstract triangles displayed on the top, so it’s unclear whether users will have the option to use custom non-AI-generated images, or if they’ll be able to use the screen to display any other kind of system information. It’s unique, at least.

Stretching out: Lenovo ThinkBook Plus Gen 6 Rollable

We wrote about the Lenovo ThinkBook Plus Gen 6 Rollable already this week, so we won’t dedicate a ton of extra space to it here. But its stretchable screen, which expands vertically from 14 inches to 16.7 inches, is an interesting riff on the “one laptop, multiple screens” idea. Some pictures of the laptop look vaguely Photoshopped, like someone grabbed the top of the screen and stretched it out.

Other laptops have put a second screen beneath the hinge under a removable keyboard and a second screen that folds out horizontally. The new ThinkBook keeps the portrait orientation, but it has a traditional non-removable keyboard in the base. One day, maybe Lenovo will hit a ThinkBook Plus screen idea that it likes well enough to keep for more than a generation or two.

A time for reflection: InWin Prism PC case

The InWin Prism case has mirrored glass side panels, so you can see everything inside your PC and also everything outside your PC.

Seeing what pre-built weirdness the PC companies can come up with is always fun, but I live for the PC case ideas that companies bring to CES. Maybe you’re using weird materials like fabric or wood paneling. Maybe you’re making a case that looks like a shark, or a giant shoe. I probably won’t buy any of these things, but I sure do like looking at them.

The most eye-catching entry into this genre from CES 2025 is from InWin, which has also given us hits like this case with addressable RGB lights all over its entire front panel. The InWin Prism midtower uses two-way mirror panels on its sides—if you’ve already got a PC filled with busy RGB lights, the Prism makes things look even busier by also reflecting everything in your room back at you.

The pristine press shots of this one don’t really do it justice; photos from Tom’s Hardware of the case on the show floor do a better job of conveying just how chaotic this thing looks in person.

Feeling exposed: MSI Project Zero X case

MSI’s Project Zero X concept case achieves a clean look by using back-connect motherboards. It’s very glassy. Credit: MSI

If the Prism is a PC case that looks a little too visible, MSI’s Project Zero X is the opposite, with glass that wraps around the back, front, left side, and top of the case to show off everything inside to an even greater degree than most windowed cases.

This is a follow-up to the original Project Zero concept case, which wasn’t quite as glassy. The (relatively) unique thing about both cases is that they’re designed around motherboards with all their various connectors on the back side—often referred to as “back-connect” motherboards. The power plugs, fan and USB headers, power button, and everything else you need to plug cables into when you install a motherboard are all facing the opposite direction from your CPU socket, RAM slots, and PCI Express cards.

The point is to make it easier to create clean, show-off-able builds without as much cable management hassle, which is why you’d combine it with a case that shows your motherboard off from every side but the back.

A roommate for your gaming PC: MSI MEG MAESTRO 900L PZ

The MSI MEG MAESTRO 900L PZ can fit a full-size E-ATX build and a mini ITX build into the same case at the same time? Because why not? Credit: MSI

MSI also makes the cut for the MEG MAESTRO 900L PZ. This is a hulking monstrosity of a PC case that can, for some reason, fit an E-ATX motherboard, an ITX motherboard, and the power supplies, fans, and GPUs for both systems in the same case at the same time.

Maybe it’s a nice way to bring a spare or loaner system with you to a LAN party or an e-sports competition? But it looks and sounds like the kind of thing that requires team lifting to move around.

Building a bigger Steam Deck

Acer’s Nitro Blaze 11, which takes the “portable” out of “portable handheld gaming PC.” Credit: Acer

Clones of Valve’s handheld Steam Deck gaming PC have become a product category unto themselves, and companies like Asus and Lenovo are already a couple of generations deep into their own versions. One of Lenovo’s is the first non-Steam Deck to officially run Steam OS, a sign that Valve could once again be ready to make a move against Windows.

And when the PC companies see what they think of as a new market opportunity, the race for differentiation begins, with occasionally silly results.

Enter the Acer Nitro Blaze 11, which looks like a mostly conventional handheld with Nintendo Switch-style detachable controllers but with a huge 11-inch screen (the OLED Steam Deck is 7.4 inches, and other Deck-alikes mostly land between seven and nine inches). At 2.3 pounds, the Blaze 11 pushes the boundaries of what can reasonably be considered “handheld.” It also has a Switch-style kickstand for propping it up on a desk or table, which feels like an admission that you might not want to be holding the thing all the time.

All of that said, “take a thing people already like and make it bigger/smaller” has been a fairly reliable path to success in PCs, phones, and other tech over the last couple of decades. Maybe an 11-inch “handheld” won’t seem so weird a few years from now.

A “keyboard for writers”

The Wordrunner is “the first mechanical keyboard for writers,” or at least it will be if its Kickstarter takes off. Credit: Freewrite

This one’s for all the writers out there who believe that they’re just one equipment purchase away from having a perfect, productive, distraction-free writing setup.

Freewrite is known primarily for its smart typewriters, keyboards that are attached to small monochrome LCD or E-Ink displays that promise to be “dedicated drafting tools” that “maximize your productivity.

This year, they’ve unveiled a PC keyboard billed as “the first mechanical keyboard designed for writers.” The Wordrunner has a function row of shortcut keys that will be useful to writers navigating their way through a document, plus a built-in timer and word counter for the times when you just need to pull words out of your brain and you can go back and edit them into cohesive thoughts later.

I do enjoy a keyboard with extraneous knobs and doodads, which makes the mechanical “wordometer” particularly appealing to me. Unfortunately, as of this writing the Wordrunner is still in a primordial, pre-Kickstarter state of development. If you’re interested, you can put down $1 now, so you can get early bird Kickstarter pricing in February, and you might get a keyboard at some point several months or years in the future. Freewrite is, at least, an established company with several products under its belt, so we wouldn’t be too worried about this project vanishing without a trace as so many Kickstarter efforts do.

Andrew is a Senior Technology Reporter at Ars Technica, with a focus on consumer tech including computer hardware and in-depth reviews of operating systems like Windows and macOS. Andrew lives in Philadelphia and co-hosts a weekly book podcast called Overdue.

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German router maker is latest company to inadvertently clarify the LGPL license

avm, Cisco, free and open source, Free Software Foundation, FSF, GPL, LGPL, Linksys, Open Source, open source licenses, SFLC, Tech / DJ Henderson / January 10, 2025

The GNU General Public License (GPL) and its “Lesser” version (LGPL) are widely known and used. Still, every so often, a networking hardware maker has to get sued to make sure everyone knows how it works.

The latest such router company to face legal repercussions is AVM, the Berlin-based maker of the most popular home networking products in Germany. Sebastian Steck, a German software developer, bought an AVM Fritz!Box 4020 (PDF) and, being a certain type, requested the source code that had been used to generate certain versions of the firmware on it.

According to Steck’s complaint (translated to English and provided in PDF by the Software Freedom Conservancy, or SFC), he needed this code to recompile a networking library and add some logging to “determine which programs on the Fritz!Box establish connections to servers on the Internet and which data they send.” But Steck was also concerned about AVM’s adherence to GPL 2.0 and LGPL 2.1 licenses, under which its FRITZ!OS and various libraries were licensed. The SFC states that it provided a grant to Steck to pursue the matter.

AVM provided source code, but it was incomplete, as “the scripts for compilation and installation were missing,” according to Steck’s complaint. This included makefiles and details on environment variables, like “KERNEL_LAYOUT,” necessary for compilation. Steck notified AVM, AVM did not respond, and Steck sought legal assistance, ultimately including the SFC.

Months later, according to the SFC, AVM provided all the relevant source code and scripts, but the suit continued. AVM ultimately paid Steck’s attorney fee. The case proved, once again, that not only are source code requirements real, but the LGPL also demands freedom, despite its “Lesser” name, and that source code needs to be useful in making real changes to firmware—in German courts, at least.

“The favorable result of this lawsuit exemplifies the power of copyleft—granting users the freedom to modify, repair, and secure the software on their own devices,” the SFC said in a press release. “Companies like AVM receive these immense benefits themselves. This lawsuit reminded AVM that downstream users must receive those very same rights under copyleft.”

As noted by the SFC, the case was brought in July 2023, but as is typical with German law, no updates on the case could be provided until after its conclusion. SFC posted its complaint, documents, and the source code ultimately provided by AVM and encouraged the company to publish its own documents since those are not automatically public in Germany.

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Judge ends man’s 11-year quest to dig up landfill and recover $765M in bitcoin

bitcoin landfill, james howells bitcoin, Policy / DJ Henderson / January 10, 2025

The landfill owns the trash

Hard drive that could provide access to 8,000 bitcoins is buried at the dump.

Aerial view of a Newport Council landfill site on March 18, 2022 in Newport, Wales. Credit: Getty Images | Matthew Horwood

A British judge ruled against a man who wants to excavate a landfill where he says a hard drive with access to thousands of bitcoins was mistakenly dumped over 11 years ago.

Since 2013, James Howells has been hoping to recover a laptop hard drive that he says contains the private key for cryptocurrency which he says he mined in 2009. We wrote about it at the time, noting that the value of a bitcoin had just passed $1,000, making 7,500 bitcoins worth $7.5 million.

The alleged number of bitcoins has changed a bit, with Howells now saying he lost 8,000 bitcoins. The bitcoin price exceeded $100,000 last month and was worth over $95,636 as of this writing, or $765 million for 8,000 bitcoins.

High Court Judge Keyser KC issued his ruling yesterday, siding with the defendant in Howells v. Newport City Council. Howells has no realistic chance of success at trial, the judge ruled. Howells sought “an order that the defendant either deliver the hard drive or allow his team of experts to excavate the landfill in order to find it, and (in the alternative) compensation equivalent to the value of the Bitcoin that he can no longer access.”

Landfill authority owns the trash

The council said that excavating the landfill site would let harmful substances escape into the environment, endangering residents with “potentially serious risks which raises public health issues and environmental concerns,” the ruling said.

The judge found no “reasonable grounds for bringing this case,” saying it has “no realistic prospect of succeeding if it went to trial and that there is no other compelling reason why it should be disposed of at trial.” He granted summary judgment for the defendant, dismissing the claim.

The ruling quotes the Control of Pollution Act 1974, which states that “anything delivered to the authority by another person in the course of using the facilities shall belong to the authority and may be dealt with accordingly.” Howells “submitted that section 14(6)(c) merely says that anything so delivered shall belong to the authority but does not say that it shall cease to belong to its former owner,” the ruling said. The judge disagreed, writing that “the words ‘shall belong to the authority’ are unqualified and unrestricted.”

The judge found no reason to determine that the defendant retaining the hard drive is “unconscionable” under the law. “In my view there would be no realistic prospect of a finding that the defendant’s retention of the Hard Drive was unconscionable. The defendant was not retaining it for gain or because it wanted it. It was retaining it because it was buried in landfill,” the ruling said.

Statute of limitations

The claim is also barred by the six-year statute of limitations because Howells “knew the facts material to his claim by November 2013 but did not commence proceedings until May 2024,” the ruling said.

The judge didn’t need to rule on whether the hard drive really contains access to bitcoin, saying that “the only relevant issues in this case concern ownership of, and rights of access to, the Hard Drive.” Howells sought access to the landfill site in Newport, Wales, starting in November 2013 but local officials refused. He says the hard drive is 2½ inches in size and has a wallet.dat file containing a private key that can enable access to the bitcoin.

The city council said excavation would breach the terms of its license with NRW (Natural Resources Body for Wales), cause health and safety risks for staff, risk damage from ground movement during or after excavation work, and prevent the council from “discharg[ing] its statutory waste disposal functions whilst the site is excavated.”

After his November 2013 outreach, Howells “made repeated requests to the defendant for access to the Site in order to find and retrieve the Hard Drive, but these were largely ignored by the defendant,” the ruling said. “The claimant then set about securing investment and expertise to enable a team of experts to undertake a landfill excavation and recovery operation and in 2023 he began to advance his case formally to the defendant.”

“This ruling has taken everything from me”

The BBC yesterday quoted Howells as saying that “the case being struck out at the earliest hearing doesn’t even give me the opportunity to explain myself or an opportunity for justice in any shape or form. There was so much more that could have been explained in a full trial and that’s what I was expecting.”

“It’s not about greed, I’m happy to share the proceeds but nobody in a position of power will have a decent conversation with me… This ruling has taken everything from me and left me with nothing. It’s the great British injustice system striking again,” he said.

In January 2021, CNN wrote that Howells “has offered to pay the council a quarter of the current value of the hoard, which he says could be distributed to local residents.”

Why the hard drive was dumped

As for how the hard drive went to the landfill, Howells claims it “was taken from his home without his permission or consent on the morning of 5th August 2013,” the ruling said.

His ex-girlfriend, Halfina Eddy-Evans, said in a recent interview with the Daily Mail that she brought the hard drive and other unwanted belongings to the dump, at Howells’ request. “I thought he should be running his errands, not me, but I did it to help out… I’d love nothing more than him to find it. I’m sick and tired of hearing about it,” she said.

The ruling describes Howells’ version of the 2013 event as follows:

In his drawers he found two hard drives: one was the Hard Drive, and the other was a blank hard drive that contained no data. He meant to throw out the blank hard drive, but instead he mistakenly picked up the Hard Drive and put it into one of the black bin-liners. He then left the two bin bags downstairs in his house and asked his partner at the time to take them to the landfill at the Site the following day after completing the school run. However, she said that she did not want to take the black bin bags to the Site and refused to do so. The claimant was not overly concerned at her refusal, because he decided that on the following morning he would check to make sure that he had put the correct hard drive in the bin bags. However, when he awoke at 9 o’clock the following morning he found that his partner had had a change of heart and had already taken the bin bags to the Site and manually deposited them into the general waste bins at the Site.

The ruling cited testimony that “the landfill contains around 350,000 tonnes of waste with a further 50,000 tonnes added annually. Once the skip at the reception area is full, the waste is emptied into the landfill, where it is then covered with inert material to minimise the release of gases or liquids and then compacted.”

Howells thinks data can be recovered

Howells believes the hard drive may still be usable, according to a 2021 New Yorker article. “Although the covering of the drive was metal, the disk inside was glass,” reporter D.T. Max wrote. “‘It’s actually coated in a cobalt layer that is anti-corrosive,’ Howells told me. He conceded that the hard drive would have been subjected to some compacting when it was layered in with soil and other trash. But, however rough the process, it might not have fractured the disk and destroyed the drive’s contents.”

The 2021 CNN report quoted Howells as saying he wanted to “dig a specific area of the landfill based on a grid reference system and recover the hard drive whilst adhering to all safety and environmental standards. The drive would then be presented to data recovery specialists who can rebuild the drive from scratch with new parts and attempt to recover the tiny piece of data that I need in order to access the bitcoins.”

Yesterday’s ruling said that according to a report prepared for Howells, “in November 2013 the Hard Drive was ‘probably’ located ‘within an area of approximately 2,000 square metres of the site’ and ‘within an approximate volume of 10,000-15,000 tonnes of waste.'”

“It would be a criminal offence for the claimant or anyone acting for him to sort over or disturb any refuse deposited at the Site, unless he were authorised to do so by the defendant: see section 27 of CPA 1974 and section 60 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990,” the ruling said. “The defendant could only give such authorisation, or excavate the Site itself, if it were first to apply for and obtain a new environmental permit from NRW, as the Schedule of permitted activities in its existing permit does not allow excavation of the Site.”

Jon is a Senior IT Reporter for Ars Technica. He covers the telecom industry, Federal Communications Commission rulemakings, broadband consumer affairs, court cases, and government regulation of the tech industry.

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AI could create 78 million more jobs than it eliminates by 2030—report

AI, AI and jobs, AI layoffs, Biz & IT, machine learning, World Economic Forum / DJ Henderson / January 10, 2025

On Wednesday, the World Economic Forum (WEF) released its Future of Jobs Report 2025, with CNN immediately highlighting the finding that 40 percent of companies plan workforce reductions due to AI automation. But the report’s broader analysis paints a far more nuanced picture than CNN’s headline suggests: It finds that AI could create 170 million new jobs globally while eliminating 92 million positions, resulting in a net increase of 78 million jobs by 2030.

“Half of employers plan to re-orient their business in response to AI,” writes the WEF in the report. “Two-thirds plan to hire talent with specific AI skills, while 40% anticipate reducing their workforce where AI can automate tasks.”

The survey collected data from 1,000 companies that employ 14 million workers globally. The WEF conducts its employment analysis every two years to help policymakers, business leaders, and workers make decisions about hiring trends.

The new report points to specific skills that will dominate hiring by 2030. Companies ranked AI and big data expertise, networks and cybersecurity, and technological literacy as the three most in-demand skill sets.

The WEF identified AI as the biggest potential job creator among new technologies, with 86 percent of companies expecting AI to transform their operations by 2030.

Declining job categories

The WEF report also identifies specific job categories facing decline. Postal service clerks, executive secretaries, and payroll staff top the list of shrinking roles, with changes driven by factors including (but not limited to) AI adoption. And for the first time, graphic designers and legal secretaries appear among the fastest-declining positions, which the WEF tentatively links to generative AI’s expanding capabilities in creative and administrative work.

AI could create 78 million more jobs than it eliminates by 2030—report Read More »

Author name: DJ Henderson