Ioanna is a writer at TNW. She covers the full spectrum of the European tech ecosystem, with a particular interest in startups, sustainabili Ioanna is a writer at TNW. She covers the full spectrum of the European tech ecosystem, with a particular interest in startups, sustainability, green tech, AI, and EU policy. With a background in the humanities, she has a soft spot for social impact-enabling technologies.
Netflix’s password sharing crackdown has cost it one million users in Spain during the first quarter of 2023, a new study by market research group Kantar has found. This translates to an approximately 15% decrease of its total users.
The streaming platform introduced the new measures in Spain in early February, asking for a €5.99 monthly fee from users sharing their passwords with other households. According to Kantar, this is directly linked to the decline of the country’s user base.
Out of the one million users who opted out of Netflix, two-thirds were benefiting from password sharing. One-third were actually paying for the account, meaning a loss in subscribers which results in a negative impact on revenue.
At the same time, the study found that subscription cancellations nearly tripled in this year’s first quarter compared to the previous period. Furthermore, 10% of Spain’s remaining subscribers plan to cancel their plan in the second quarter of 2023.
Meanwhile, competition in the country is increasing with Amazon Prime Video accounting for the majority of new subscriptions at 34.4%, followed by the newly-launched Sky Showtime at 32.6%.
“There are of course inherent risks with clamping down on password sharing, particularly when back in 2017 Netflix was seen to be actively encouraging it,” said Dominic Sunnebo, Global Insight Director at Kantar’s Worldpanel Division. “Some users were expected to be lost in the process, but losing over one million users in a little over a month has major implications for Netflix and whether it decides to continue with its crackdown globally.”
Alongside Spain, the streaming platform has so far implemented its new password policy measures in Portugal, Canada, and New Zealand, following testing in several countries in Latin America. According to Neftlix’s estimates over a 100 million households are sharing a password.
“We’ve got folks that are watching Netflix who aren’t paying us as part of basically borrowing somebody else’s credentials,” Gregory Peters, the company’s COO and CPO, said during the latest earnings call.
“Our goal is over this year to basically work through that situation and convert many of those folks to be paid accounts, or to have the account owner pay for them,” Peters added, noting that “a cancel reaction” to that is to be expected in the beginning.
And while Netflix has fallen off its targets for new subscribers in the first quarter of 2023, the company believes that the new password policy in combination with cheaper add-based subscriptions will boost growth in the second half of the year.
It remains to be seen whether Spain’s user decline is just an anticipated short-term pitfall, or a clear indication that Netflix’s plan will cost it even more subscribers.
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Ioanna is a writer at TNW. She covers the full spectrum of the European tech ecosystem, with a particular interest in startups, sustainabili Ioanna is a writer at TNW. She covers the full spectrum of the European tech ecosystem, with a particular interest in startups, sustainability, green tech, AI, and EU policy. With a background in the humanities, she has a soft spot for social impact-enabling technologies.
The UK will splash an initial £100m in funding to establish a government-industry AI taskforce, dedicated to boosting the country’s sovereignty and competitiveness in the field.
The taskforce will develop foundation models — systems that train on large amounts of data such as ChatGPT and Google Bard — with the aim to benefit from their applications in public services and across the UK economy.
According to the government, the technology is estimated to contribute billions of pounds to the country’s GDP, which based on the predictions of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is expected to drop by 0.3% this year.
“Harnessing the potential of AI provides enormous opportunities to grow our economy, create better-paid jobs, and build a better future through advances in healthcare and security,” said Prime Minister Rishi Sunak. In healthcare, for instance, the government sees AI’s potential to accelerate diagnoses and drug discovery and development.
To increase business and public trust in artificial intelligence, the taskforce will work together with the sector to ensure the “safe and reliable use” of foundation models, both on a scientific and commercial scale. This will be implemented in accordance with the guidelines set out in the AI Regulation Paper published in March.
The taskforce will report directly to the Prime Minister and the Technology Secretary, and will be led by a Chair who will be appointed during summer. Meanwhile, the first pilot projects targeting public services are expected to launch within the next six months.
The £100m fund follows a £900m announced investment in a new exascale computer and a dedicated AI Research Resource to provide the UK with the processing capability required for the next generation of AI.
With several countries across the globe increasing their AI spending, the UK doesn’t want to miss its chance to stay ahead of the game. “We need to act now to seize the opportunities AI can offer us in the future,” said Science, Innovation, and Technology Secretary Michelle Donelan.
“We’re backing our expert taskforce with the funding to make our ambitions for an AI-enabled country a reality and keep the UK at the front of the pack in this emerging technology.”
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Despite the tech startup funding landscape appearing gloomier than in many years, there are a few potential bright spots. Long-term climate targets in Europe and beyond are creating new opportunities for cleantech developers and investors.
While there may be a recent dip in activity, funding has practically catapulted in the past couple of years. In order to recover from our addiction to fossil fuels, it is going to take a fundamental shift of the current paradigm. And there are significant amounts of money being thrown at the problem.
As reported by Bloomberg, the total global investment into the energy transition, private and public, reached $1.1 trillion in 2022. This was up from a mere $214 billion ten years prior, and the numbers have positively skyrocketed since 2020.
The last couple of years have seen an unprecedented investment in climate tech. Credit: BloombergNEF
Specifically, the total of VC funding in climate tech last year hit $70.1 billion – a rise of 89% compared to 2021 in an otherwise bleak year for investments.
While the US leads the global climate tech VC investment race with $26.8 billion, Europe sits firmly in second place with $17.9 billion, which represents an increase by over 100% from the year before.
Most of European climate tech investment is local
A report put together by Dealroom and Talis Capital late last year found that in 2021, the European climate tech ecosystem was worth over $100 billion: a value that has also more than doubled since 2020. The majority — 70% — of European climate tech investment stems, thus far, from local investors.
The overall value of the European climate tech ecosystem more than doubled between 2020 and 2021. Credit: Dealroom.co
“What we find fascinating about climate tech companies is that – as opposed to the great venture stories of the last decade like Uber and Airbnb – they aren’t creating new markets,” said Matus Maar, co-founder and managing partner at Talis. “Instead, they’re approaching some of the largest existing markets and reinventing them with sustainable alternatives.”
Energy storage tops the list for cleantech investors
Meanwhile, it is not a matter of simply throwing more money at already existing clean technologies. Previously, venture capitalists may have chosen to mostly fund startups in, for instance, solar power and EVs. As these technologies have matured, the trend is shifting towards other innovations such as decarbonising food production, or carbon capture and sequestration. However, energy storage technologies, including batteries, are seeing the highest levels of investment.
According to Bloomberg, mobility funding still ranks high on the list of total amount invested globally with ($11.4bn), but has been surpassed by storage ($18.4bn), and is closely followed by food and agriculture ($9.5bn). The other main sectors are renewables ($8bn), circular economy ($6.2bn), carbon markets ($5.4bn), built environment ($4.9bn), resources ($4.7bn), data and finance ($1bn), and biosphere ($0.6bn).
When looking at the top five of number of deals closed, mobility only came in as the fifth sector (334), beaten by storage (559), food and agriculture (537), circular economy (508), and renewables (417).
In the words of the authors of the Bloomberg report that presented the figures, for early-stage investors, “solar panels and electric vehicles are so 2011.”
However, according to fresh data, even the climate tech sector is not immune to the diminishing investment trend. VC and private equity flows fell 12.8% in Q1 compared to the rolling four-quarter average.
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A Spanish hospital has successfully completed what is believed to be the world’s first fully robotic lung transplant.
Surgeons at the Vall d’Hebron University Hospital in Barcelona used a four-arm robot dubbed ‘Da Vinci’ to carry out the procedure. The patient was a 65-year-old man called Xavier, requiring a lung transplant due to pulmonary fibrosis, a life-threatening lung disease.
Typical lung transplants are highly invasive: a 30 cm incision must be made in the chest and multiple ribs broken. This allows surgeons to access a patient’s lung, remove it, and replace it with a healthy lung from a donor.
But thanks to Da Vinci, the surgeons were able to cut a much smaller access route in the chest without having to break any bones. The new lung was deflated so that it could enter through the tight incision, which was only 8 cm wide. Smaller cuts were made in the side of the ribs to accommodate the robot’s arms and 3D cameras — which give surgeons a 360-degree view inside the lung.
The robot has only been used for a lung transplant once before, at the Cedars-Sinai Hospital in Los Angeles. However, on that occasion, it was only used for part of the procedure, and the lung was still inserted into the chest in the traditional way.
Vall d’Hebron’s novel application of the tech is less painful for the patient and reduces the risk of post-op infection as the wound closes easily, it said.
“We believe it is a technique that will improve patients’ quality of life, reduce the post-surgery period, and reduce pain,” said Dr Albert Jauregui, head of the Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplants Department at Vall d’Hebron University Hospital.
Due to the incision’s small size, Xavier only took paracetamol after the operation. Conventional lung transplants generally require post-surgery treatment with much stronger opioid painkillers.
“From the moment I regained consciousness and woke up from general anaesthesia, I had zero pain,” said Xavier.
Other patients on the waiting list for lung transplant surgery at Vall d’Hebron will now be offered the new technique, Jauregui said. He added that he hoped that in the future, this new approach for lung transplantations will become the global standard.
“This operation will not remain only in Vall d’Hebron, which is why we’re showing it to the world, because if this technique works, and we believe it does, then it has to be expanded, because the most important goal is to help more people,” he said.
Going forward the transplant team looks to further refine the procedure, and they predict that the first double-lung transplant using this technique could take place in just a few months.
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Snap’s annual Partner Summit is the company’s opportunity to showcase its working relationship with other brands. That includes the experiences that come out of those partnerships, as well as the hardware and software updates that drive them. The event covered a lot of ground but we’ll be looking specifically at AR-related updates and announcements.
Some of the announcements are already available for Snapchatters to explore, while others are coming soon. Even the parts of the summit that may seem boring for the average end users help to understand where the platform is going in the coming months and years. And this year’s event is extra special because it was held in person for the first time since 2019.
Snap Map and Bitmoji Features
Bitmojis, the 3D avatars used by Snapchatters for their profiles as well as in games and messages, is constantly expanding, including through new virtual fashion partnerships and this year is no different.
Digital fashions inspired by the Marvel Cinematic universe will be available soon. The avatar system itself will also be updating to allow for “realistic dimensions, shading, and lighting,” according to Vice President of Product Jack Brody.
“Bitmoji style has changed quite a bit, and they continue to evolve,” said Brody.
Jack Brody showing 3D Snap Map
Brody also announced that the Snap Map is getting more updates, including more 3D locations and tags to help users find popular locations from their Snapchat communities. Users who access the app with Verizon +Play will also be getting new options for games and puzzles in calls with Snapchat’s connected lenses.
Camera Kit Integrations
Snap’s Head of Global AR Product Strategy and Product Marketing Carolina Arguelles Navas took to the stage to talk about recent and upcoming partnerships, including some that affect apps and experiences outside of Snapchat itself through its Camera Kit offering.
For example, Snap lenses can now be used in Microsoft Teams and in the NFL app. LA Rams’ SoFi Stadium even uses Snap Lenses on their Infinity Screen to show the audience with augmented reality effects.
Navas also discussed Snap’s ongoing partnership with Live Nation, bringing custom AR lenses to over a dozen concerts this year including Lollapalooza in Paris and The Governor’s Ball in New York. She also announced a new partnership with Disguise, a company that specializes in real-time interactive visuals for live events.
Snap is also partnering with individual artists. The first to be announced is KYGO, a DJ, with more artist partnerships to be announced throughout the year.
More Opportunities for Brands
Until now, Camera Kit has been the main way that other companies were able to use Snap’s technology. However, Jill Popelka announced a new division, Augmented Reality Enterprise Services (ARES), of which she is the head.
“We all know the shopping experience today, whether online or in-store, presents a lot of options,” said Popelka. “We’ve already seen how our AR advancements can benefit shoppers and partners.”
The “AR-as-a-Service” model currently consists of two main offerings. Shopping Suite brings together Snap’s virtual try-on and sizing recommendation solutions, while the Enterprise Manager helps companies keep track of their activations including through analytics.
Popelka also announced a new “Live Garment” feature that generates a wearable 3D garment from a 2D photo of a garment uploaded into a lens.
Commercial Hardware
Popelka also introduced two new hardware offerings from Snap to commercial partners – AR mirrors and AR-enabled vending machine.
AR mirrors are already making their way into clothing stores to make virtual try-on even easier for shoppers, including those who don’t have Snapchat. Some partners have even experimented with incorporating AR games that shoppers can play to unlock in-store rewards. Retailers are also using the opportunity specifically to engage with younger audiences.
Jill Popelka showing AR mirrors
Snap currently has its AR mirror in a Men’s Wearhouse store.
“[Men’s Wearhouse is] proud to launch digital partnerships and store innovations specifically geared toward how high school students want to shop and prepare for prom,” Tailored Brands President John Tighe said in a release shared with ARPost. “We are excited to offer these younger customers experiences in-store and online to make the shopping experience easier. Everyone deserves to look and feel their best on prom night.”
Snap also partnered with Coca-Cola to create a prototype of an AR vending machine controlled with hand gestures displayed on a screen.
It might be a while before you see either of these devices in a store near you, but keep an eye out all the same.
App Updates
The standard app is getting some AR updates too, mainly related to the company’s work with AI. When Snapchatters capture a photo or video, the app will recommend lenses that might match the scene. AI will also recommend lenses for reacting to Snapchat memories and produce a new generation of lenses available to users.
Keep Exploring Snapchat
There really was a lot in the Partner Summit that wasn’t detailed here. So, if you use Snapchat for more than just AR, keep checking into the app to see even more changes coming in the next few months.
Thomas is a senior reporter at TNW. He covers European tech, with a focus on deeptech, startups, and government policy. Thomas is a senior reporter at TNW. He covers European tech, with a focus on deeptech, startups, and government policy.
The European Space Agency (ESA)’s Euclid satellite has taken another step on its journey to explore the dark universe.
On 15 April, Euclid set sail for a port near its launch location in Cape Canaveral, Florida, the ESA announced today.
The spacecraft is expected to reach the take-off site at the beginning of May. The launch is due to take place on a SpaceX Falcon 9 in July.
After lift-off, Eulic will travel 1.5 million km from Earth to the Lagrange point L2, an auspicious location for studying deep space. From L2, it will start investigating the dark universe.
ESA has grand ambitions for the mission. The agency wants to map the large-scale structure of the universe. It also aims to shed light on the power of dark matter and dark energy, which makes up an estimated 95% of the universe.
To delve into these mysteries, Euclid plans to create the largest, most accurate 3D map of the universe ever. The satellite will observe billions of galaxies up to 10 billion light-years away, covering more than a third of the sky.
The map will offer insights into how the universe has expanded, and how its structure has evolved over cosmic history. It will also reveal more about the role played by gravity, and the nature of dark energy and dark matter.
Eulcid is now crossing the ocean. Credit: ESA
The prime contractor for Euclid is Thales Alenia Space, a joint venture between Thales of France and Leonardo of Italy. The company is one of Europe’s leading satellite manufacturers.
In total, more than 80 European companies are involved in the mission. They include Airbus Defense and Space, which built the telescope — the main instrument of the payload module.
“Every aspect of this project is a real challenge.
.
Before its journey, Euclid underwent a rigorous testing program at Thales Alenia Space’s Cannes plant.
“In recent months, we focused on the thermal vacuum, mechanical, and electromagnetic compatibility tests,” said Laurent Sanna, Assembly Integration and Test Systems Manager for Euclid in Cannes.
“Our main challenge was to perform these tests while staying on the tight schedule and accommodating changes in the baseline launcher. Because Euclid’s performance requirements are so demanding, every aspect of this project is a real challenge.”
After the tests, the satellite was sealed in a transport container, which was flushed with nitrogen to maintain a clean room environment. The temperature, pressure, and humidity will be monitored throughout the journey.
The satellite was then taken by convoy to the port of Savona, Italy. On arrival, it boarded a ship to Florida. From there, the journey into the dark universe will truly begin.
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Ioanna is a writer at TNW. She covers the full spectrum of the European tech ecosystem, with a particular interest in startups, sustainabili Ioanna is a writer at TNW. She covers the full spectrum of the European tech ecosystem, with a particular interest in startups, sustainability, green tech, AI, and EU policy. With a background in the humanities, she has a soft spot for social impact-enabling technologies.
A group of 12 Members of the European Parliament working on the EU’s upcoming AI Act, are rallying for a set of preliminary rules to control the advancement of AI systems. They warn that technological progress is “faster and more unpredictable” than expected.
“The recent advent of and widespread public access to powerful AI, alongside the exponential performance improvements over the last year of AI trained to generate complex content, has prompted us to pause and reflect on our work,” state the MEPs in an open letter.
Correspondingly, they believe that a complementary series of preliminary rules is also needed to regulate the growth and deployment of “powerful” general purpose AI.
The signatories are, therefore, calling on European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and US President Joe Biden to hold a global AI summit where world leaders can decide on an number of governing principles that will steer the development and use of powerful AI, while ensuring it’s “human-centric, safe, and trustworthy.”
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The MEPs are also calling on companies and laboratories working on the technology to demonstrate a high sense of responsibility, increase transparency, and collaborate with policymakers.
The letter lands at a time when individual EU members are already trying to manage the operation of advanced AI models in lack of an overarching legislation. For instance, France, Spain, and Italy have opened investigations into OpenAI’s ChatGPT over data privacy concerns — with the latter even imposing a temporary ban.
The MEPs warn that political inaction “can widen the gap between the development of AI and our ability to steer it,” asking for the mobilisation of industry, research, and decision-makers in Europe and worldwide. But at the same time, the AI Act has been in draft form for nearly two years now.
According to Reuters, the act is currently being debated by a parliamentary committee, which hopes to reach a common position by April 26.
Concerns about AI’s exponential growth have been expressed across the Atlantic as well. In an open letter by the Future of Life Institute (FLI), over 26,000 signatories — including researchers at DeepMind, computer scientist Yoshua Bengio, and Elon Musk — have called on AI labs for a six-month pause in the development of systems more powerful than GPT-4, ChatGPT’s successor.
And while the EU MEPs find a number of the letter’s statements “unnecessarily alarmist,” they agree with its core message: the rapid evolution of powerful AI requires political attention to prevent challenging future scenarios.
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The UK’s proposed alternative to the EU’s Horizon research programme has failed to sway support for the bloc’s funding scheme.
Named Pioneer, the programme provides a backup plan in case the UK doesn’t rejoin Horizon. A recent trade agreement for Northern Ireland had opened the door to reentering the EU scheme, but negotiations over Horizon’s terms have stalled. Pioneer will be activated if a deal is not agreed upon.
“We hope our negotiations will be successful, and that is our preference, but it must be on the right terms,” said Michelle Donelan, Britain’s minister for science and technology. “We must ensure we have an ambitious alternative ready to go should we need it and that our businesses and researchers have fed into it.”
The British government has pledged to provide £14.6bn (€16.6bn) for Pioneer — the same amount as it would have paid to associate with Horizon from 2021 to 2027. But critics warn that financial parity will not equate to equal benefits.
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“The government must also remember there is more at stake here than money,” said Tony McBride, Director of Policy and Public Affairs at the Institute of Physics. “Should it be needed, any alternative to Horizon must also make up for the loss of the established networks, partnerships, and infrastructure the UK has benefitted from over many, many years, as well as for the disruption and uncertainty caused by these years of delay.”
As well as providing a big funding pot, Horizon spurs collaboration. The €95.5bn scheme invests in projects spanning different institutions across multiple countries. It also provides common rules and funding cycles that foster international partnerships. Any domestic programme would struggle to match the impact of the pan-European ecosystem.
Cancer research, for instance, has benefitted from the program’s networks and frameworks — as well as its grants.
“No one can beat cancer alone, and Horizon Europe offers a ready-made structure for scientists to bid for funding to tackle global problems,” said Dr Owen Jackson, Director of Policy at Cancer Research UK. “UK-based cancer scientists are in a strong position to win funding from Horizon Europe and the EU’s Cancer Mission. But they will be at the margins, rather than at the centre, of these important opportunities if we don’t get association over the line.”
“Many elements of Pioneer would be valuable additions.
In a 50-page prospectus for Pioneer, the British government highlighted the potential advantages of its “Plan B.” Notably, the proposals promise to build on UK strengths and develop new capabilities, while distributing resources and support across the country.
Despite their support for Horizon, many UK-based researchers have welcomed aspects of Pioneer. Yet they emphasise that some proposals could be used alongside the EU programme.
“Many elements of Pioneer would also be valuable additions on top of the opportunities provided by Horizon and current UK programmes,” said Dr Andrew Clark, Executive Director of Programmes at the Royal Academy of Engineering. “We hope that the government will seriously consider investing in those aspects of Pioneer once association with Horizon has been confirmed.”
Clark’s sentiment was echoed by Professor Paul Boyle, Chair of the Universities UK Research and Innovation Policy Network.
“This should not be viewed as an either-or scenario,” he said. “Strengthening our links with Europe and beyond through Horizon can sit alongside a roll-out of elements of the Government’s alternative plans, giving the UK the best opportunity to cement our status as a science superpower.”
Clark’s hopes are not forlorn. The agreement on Northern Ireland and the conciliatory gestures in Horizon talks have renewed optimism that a deal will be made. After all, both sides agree on the most important term: associating the UK with Horizon can be mutually beneficial.
Ioanna is a writer at TNW. She covers the full spectrum of the European tech ecosystem, with a particular interest in startups, sustainabili Ioanna is a writer at TNW. She covers the full spectrum of the European tech ecosystem, with a particular interest in startups, sustainability, green tech, AI, and EU policy. With a background in the humanities, she has a soft spot for social impact-enabling technologies.
Cambridge-based climate startup Levidian is expanding its operations to the EU. The company is bringing its next-gen decarbonisation device targeting methane emissions — the second biggest contributor to climate change after carbon dioxide — to Luxembourg.
Using a proprietary low-temperature, low-pressure method with no additives, the so-called LOOP device breaks down and converts methane into its component atoms: hydrogen and carbon, which is stripped in the form of wonder material graphene — the thinnest and strongest material ever discovered.
Luxembourg-based construction company Stugalux will use LOOP to process biomethane gas produced from food and agricultural waste. The resulting hydrogen will power an electricity-generating turbine, while graphene will be integrated into Stugalux’s building products.
“[This] is a fantastic example of how a LOOP system can be used to decarbonise in three ways simultaneously [and] an incredible way to demonstrate the circularity of LOOP contributing to a cleaner economy,” said John Hartley, CEO of Levidian.
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LOOP’s threefold decarbonising impact translates into some impressive numbers, according to Stugalux’s owner Joel Schons.
“Together, the three LOOP systems will process nearly 250,000 cubic meters of waste gas per year, producing more than 30 tonnes of graphene, and preventing 572 tonnes of CO2e every year,” he said.
Stugalux will initially deploy a LOOP20 on-site, meaning a device capable of removing approximately 20 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) per year. By 2025, it hopes to have installed two LOOP100 systems, to scale up decarbonisation.
Levidian deployed its very first LOOP device in late 2022. In collaboration with Eco Group, the startup installed a LOOP10 system in southern Scotland, with future plans for over 60 LOOP1000 units within the next five years.
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The digitisation of cars has made comparisons to “data centres on wheels” so common that they’ve become clichéd. It’s also built a booming market for tech firms — few of which have capitalised as adeptly as Arm.
Often described as the UK’s leading IT company, SoftBank-owned Arm designs energy-efficient computer chips. The company’s architectures are found in endless applications, from smart cities to laptops, but they’re best-known for powering mobile devices. Around 95% of the world’s smartphones use Arm’s technology.
Dennis Laudick, Arm’s vice president of automotive go-to-market, attributes the growth to a convergence of three trends: electrification, automation, and in-vehicle user experience (UX).
“All of those are driving more compute into the vehicle,” he says — and more compute means more business for Arm.
As the company prepares for a long-awaited public listing, Laudick gave TNW a glimpse into his automotive strategy.
Electric avenues
Gradually, EVs are engulfing the car market. Last year, fully-electric vehicles comprised over 10% of car sales in Europe for the first time. Globally, their total sales hit around 7.8 million units — as much as 68% more than in 2022. To serve this growing market, automakers have to integrate a complex new collection of electronics.
“When you do that, it becomes a lot more complicated system,” says Laudick. “You need to look at even more electronics to manage it, and that causes people to rethink their architectures.”
The result is firmer foundations for more digital features. Take the all-electric Nissan Leaf, which runs Arm’s Cortex-R4 processor alongside an electric powertrain.
To control the power inverter, a microcomputer core has to accurately repeat a series of processes — such as sensing, calculation, and control output — for events that occur in 1/10,000-second cycles. In this tiny computation window, the system has to deliver efficient, responsive, and precise control.
The Leaf’s battery has been moved closer to the car’s centre of gravity. According to Nissan, this provides better stability and cornering than front-engine vehicles. Credit: Nissan
The Leaf also has a new electronic pedal system, which the driver uses to control the car’s speed by applying pressure to the accelerator.
When the accelerator is fully released, regenerative and friction brakes are activated automatically, bringing the car to a complete stop — even on steep slopes — until the accelerator is pressed again. And if the driver gets tired, an intelligent cruise control system can automatically match the car’s speed to the flow of traffic, while a lane assist feature makes subtle steering corrections to keep the vehicle centred.
It’s a convenient package of features, but one that reimagines the whole foundations of a car. The likes of Nissan had spent decades establishing the controls and architectures that run internal combustion engines (ICEs) for decades. They’re now rapidly replacing their hardwarewith digital operations. The shift has fostered a concept called the “software-defined vehicle.”
“The whole industry is aware of this disruption that’s converting them from a mechanical mindset to a software mindset — and they’re all trying to reinvent themselves,” says Laudick.
“It equates to more powerful electronics.
Undoubtedly, the transition has opened up new business opportunities for Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), component suppliers, startups, and semiconductor companies. But all the new features and revenue streams have to fit within the tight constraints of power consumption, heat dissipation, and physical space.
That’s where Arm wants to step in. The company’s suite of processor IP, tools, and software solutions offers the automotive sector the promise of maximising innovation.
“From our perspective, it basically equates to more electronics — and more powerful electronics,” says Laudick.
Autonomy rules
The transition to EVs has coincided with an expansion of autonomous features. While level 5 cars haven’t arrived as quickly as advertised, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), from lane detection to park assist, have become commonplace. As a result, the applications for Arm’s architectures are proliferating.
“The more autonomous functionality we drive into cars, the more exponential the compute demands are,” says Laudick. “And if you look at some of the data systems that people are looking at putting in cars in five years’ time, they’re really high-end.”
At present, Arm powers everything from processors that Dream Chip Technologies applies to radar to smart electronic fuses that Elmos uses to supply stable power. As the use cases expand, so does the demand for chips — and the rules that surround them.
The European Commission president, Ursula von der Leyen, has pushed to ban new combustion-engine cars. Credit: European Parliament
Both EVs and autonomous features are being pushed by regulators. Governments are encouraging electrification for environmental reasons, and autonomy for accident prevention.
In the EU, several safety features will soon become compulsory. The European Parliament has made measures including intelligent speed assistance (ISA), advanced emergency braking, and lane-keeping technology mandatory in new vehicles from May 2022.
“This will make all of us safer.
The lawmakers made a compelling case for their intervention. In 2018, around 25,100 people died on EU roads, while 135,000 were seriously injured. According to EU estimates, ISA alone could reduce the fatalities by 20%.
“ISA will provide a driver with feedback, based on maps and road sign observation, always when the speed limit is exceeded,” said MEP Róża Thun, who steered the legislation. “We do not introduce a speed limiter, but an intelligent system that will make drivers fully aware when they are speeding. This will not only make all of us safer, but also help drivers to avoid speeding tickets.”
It’s a similar story for electric vehicles. According to the European Commission, cars are responsible for 12% of total CO2 emissions in the EU. To mitigate the impact, the union recently approved a law requiring all new cars sold from 2035 to have zero CO2 emissions. In addition, already from 2030 their emissions must be 55% lower than they were in 2021.
The targets aim to accelerate electrification. In theory, this should benefit drivers, passengers, pedestrians — and Arm.
Getting flexible
As automotive compute shifts from hardware to software, demand is growing for infotainment and cockpit features. According to Arm, more than 90% of in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) systems use the company’s chip designs. The architectures are also found in various under-the-hood applications, including meter clusters, e-mirrors, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) control.
Munich-based Apostera is using Arm’s designs to transform car windshields into mixed-reality screens.
The shift to the software-defined vehicle has also stimulated another IT feature: updates. Historically, vehicle software was not only rudimentary, but also fairly static. Today, that’s no longer the case.
“There’s an opportunity to continue to add to the functionality of the vehicle over its lifetime,” says Laudick.
An expanding range of features, from sensor algorithms to user interfaces, can now be enhanced over-the-air (OTA). As cars begin to resemble personal devices, consumers can expect a comparable update service. As Simon Humphries, the chief branding officer of Toyota, put it: “People want control over their own experiences.”
Laudick likens modern cars to platforms, upon which software and functionality can evolve.That’s an obvious magnet for Arm, whose products and processes are fundamentally about running software.
Carmakers are also becoming savvier about software. For example, General Motors’ self-driving unit, Cruise, is now developing its own computer chips for autonomous vehicles. The company has previously used Arm designs, but is now exploring an open-source architecture known as RISC-V — which is becoming a popular alternative. The instruction set’s low costs and flexibility have created a threat to Arm’s automotive ambitions.
“One executive I was talking to said: ‘The best negotiating strategy when Arm comes in is to have a RISC-V brochure sitting on my desk’,” Jim Feldhan, the president of semiconductor consultancy Semico Research, said last year. “It’s a threat. Arm is just not going to have its super dominant position in five or 20 years.”
“There’s been a move to create more flexibility.
Currently, however, RISC-V could be regarded as riskier than Arm’s established standards. In a further challenge to RISC-V, Arm is gradually becoming more open. The Cortex-M processor series, for instance, now allows clients to add their own instructions, while extra configurability has been added to Arm software and tooling.
“We obviously try to control the products reasonably well, otherwise we just end up with a wild west. But there’s been a move in the company in the last several years to create more flexibility in certain areas,” says Laudick.
Mobileye, a self-driving unit of Intel that went public at $16.7 billion last year, is among a growing list of companies applying RISC-V architecture to vehicles. Credit: Mobileye
RISC-V is far from Arm’s only challenger. Established rivals such as Intel and Synopsys are also fighting for a chunk of the expanding market for automotive chips.
Nonetheless, Laudick is bullish about the future. He notes that today’s cars run about 100 million lines of software code, while a Boeing 787 is estimated to have “only” 14 million. By 2030,McKinsey predicts that vehicles will expand to roughly 300 million lines of code.
“I see the vehicle being, without doubt, the most complex software device you will own — if not that will exist,” says Laudick.
VR Skater, the skateboarding sim for PC VR headsets, is making its way to PSVR 2 this summer.
First launched on Steam Early Access in 2021, VR Skater offers up a unique way of sidestepping the fact that most people don’t have tracked feet (or skateboard perioherals) in VR yet.
In it, you move your motion controllers in the same way you might move your feet. It’s a pretty unique locomotion concept that sidesteps the need for some sort of skateboard peripheral, like the old skateboard controller for Tony Hawk: Ride (2009).
Customizing at the shop | Image courtesy Deficit Games, Perp Games
In VR Skater, you push your board forward by moving your hand in a skiing motion, and use precise controller motions to execute a wide variety of flip tricks, grabs, grinds, slides and manuals.
Developer Deficit Games and publisher Perp Games say the urban skating sim offers up seven environments as well as the Mega Ramp, which will test your mettle by launching you across a giant chasm.
In addition to an online leaderboard, it also lets you earn XP, medals, trophies and even a VR Skater shop, where you can exchange XP for grip tape, trucks, wheels and board artwork.
The studios haven’t mentioned a precise launch date beyond “summer 2023,” although in the meanwhile you can wishlist VR Skater on PSVR 2 here.
Over 83 million people in the US alone used augmented reality on a monthly basis in 2020. By the end of 2023, it is projected that the number will grow by over 30%, to over 110 million people.
With the pandemic having accelerated the evolution of digital shopping, retail and e-commerce brands are looking for new ways to engage with their consumers and to bridge the online-offline experience gap that exists today while shopping.
How Big Brands Leverage Augmented Reality
Immersive AR experiences are increasingly being leveraged in stores, to create memorable and personalized relationships between the brand and its customers. Through augmented reality, retailers can not only engage the otherwise passive customers but also provide the context needed for them to make a decision and significantly improve the likelihood of the customer making a purchase.
Lego, for instance, used an augmented reality digital box in its stores for parents/kids to put up the physical boxes in front of the screen and see different scenes being built and come to life. This allowed parents and kids to find the right set and also proved to be a fun way to engage with consumers.
Other retailers use augmented reality to specifically drive sales for products that typically need the in-person context to make a buying decision. Houzz’s AR-powered app offers consumers the ability to view their rooms from their phone camera and ‘drop in’ true-to-scale 3D furniture items superimposed on their physical reality, for them to make a more informed buying decision.
Converse’s AR app lets consumers try shoes at home by simply pointing the camera at their feet. They can then evaluate multiple models with varying colors within minutes from the comfort of their home. The app is also integrated with their e-commerce platform, creating a seamless flow from discovery to intent to making the final purchase.
The Future of Retail Is 3D
While all these examples use AR in slightly different ways, they all have one commonality: the buyer is at the center of the experience and the camera has become the new home page. Replacing 2D images with interactive 3D products gives the shoppers the context through visualizations that they need, to be confident in their decisions.
The experience boosts consumers’ confidence, allowing them to make the right choice because AR provides the level of real-life context missing from a flat, 2D product image online. It’s a win-win for the customers and the retail brands, who experience a big increase in conversion rates and a lower product return rate by leveraging augmented reality.
Consumers are coming to expect this experience. Augmented reality adoption is following a similar pattern to mobile phone adoption of the 2000s. And as the mobile-first Gen Z cohort continually gains more buying power beyond the $360 billion they already have in disposable income, we will see large retailers transforming their traditional online and in-person shopping experiences into more immersive, 3D retail experiences to reshape online browsing and buying behavior as we know it.
Guest Post
About the Guest Author(s)
Aluru Sravanth
A technology enthusiast and a student for life, Sravanth started Avataar in 2014, with a vision to uncover untapped potential from the confluence of self-learning AI and computer vision.