Tech

how-to-build-a-doa-product:-humane-ai-pin-founders-banned-internal-criticism

How to build a DOA product: Humane AI Pin founders banned internal criticism

I value this article at $1 billion. When can I expect my check? —

Questioning the design and dev progress was apparently “against company policy.”

The Humane AI Pin.

Enlarge / The Humane AI Pin.

The Humane AI Pin has launched, crashed, and burned, with founders already looking to sell the company just one month after launch. The New York Times has an article detailing exactly how the company got to the point of launching a dead-on-arrival product and provided a few updates on the sales of the product and the company.

Humane, if you haven’t heard, is a company founded by two former Apple employees, Imran Chaudhri and Bethany Bongiorno, in 2018. The company raised $230 million from some big-name investors like OpenAI CEO Sam Altman and Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff, and, before launch, was valued at $1 billion. The product, the AI Pin, is sort of trying to be a Star Trek communicator. You magnetically clip it onto your shirt and can tap it for voice commands. It has “no apps” (the founders bragged about this feature) and is mostly just a voice assistant box with a touch panel, battery, camera, and speaker/microphone. There’s no traditional screen, but a laser projector can shoot a smartwatch-like UI onto your hand that you control with gestures.

The going rate for one of these things is $700, plus a $24 a month subscription, a hard sell in the face of a $400 Apple Watch. It also doesn’t really work and was universally panned in reviews, with conclusions ranging from The Verge’s “not even close” to Marques Brownlee’s “the worst product I’ve ever reviewed.” Apparently, the voice commands are very slow, the battery life is an awful two to four hours, it’s heavy and drags down your shirt, and the projector doesn’t work well in many lighting conditions. It’s also reportedly a fire hazard, with Humane emailing customers this week and telling them to “immediately stop using and charging” the battery case because some units with defective batteries “may pose a fire safety risk.”

Thanks to the Times’ reporting, we’ve got some hard sales numbers. How bad does it have to be for founders to want to exit the company? The report says, “As of early April, Humane had received around 10,000 orders for the AI Pin, a small fraction of the 100,000 that it hoped to sell this year, two people familiar with its sales said.” At $700 each, if all of those orders were filled, that’s around $7 million in revenue, plus whatever the subscription retention is. It’s hard to imagine the company making much more after the devastating reviews, press of a potential sale, and fire risks.

  • Sadly the voice does not sound like Majel Barrett.

    Humane

  • Normally there would be clothing in the middle of these two pieces.

    Humane

  • With no screen, the poor AI Pin can only communicate to the outside world via a cryptic light show.

    Humane

  • Whoa! It has a sci-fi laser-powered hand display! This is a fake render, and the real screen does not seem to ever be this crisp.

    Humane

  • In real life you have a non-flat hand, environment lighting to compete with, and not a lot of laser power, so the display was often illegible even in the professionally shot official video.

  • The website.

    Humane

Despite the negative reception, Humane still wants to cling to that pre-launch valuation. The report says, “About a week after the reviews came out, Humane started talking to HP, the computer and printer company, about selling itself for more than $1 billion, three people with knowledge of the conversations said. Other potential buyers have emerged, though talks have been casual and no formal sales process has begun.” Asking for $1 billion after just $7 million in sales is ambitious, and you have got to wonder what “casual” comments they got about that price. I guess it’s good to start your negotiations high. HP has previously been suckered into buying dying tech companies like Palm (which definitely did not work out), so who knows.

If you want to know how a company makes it all the way to market with such an out-of-touch, poorly performing product, the Times interviewed “23 current and former employees, advisers and investors,” and their anecdotes shed a lot of light on how this can happen. The two founders apparently “preferred positivity over criticism, leading them to disregard warnings about the AI Pin’s poor battery life and power consumption. A senior software engineer was dismissed after raising questions about the product, they said, while others left out of frustration.” After that software engineer was fired for questioning if the AI pin would be ready for launch, the report describes a staff meeting where the founders “said the employee had violated policy by talking negatively about Humane.” It’s hard to make a good product if you can’t honestly talk about the negatives and positives for fear of retaliation.

The outside world is not subject to the founders’ preferences of “positivity,” though. After apparently not being interested in honest employee feedback during development, once the product launched, Bongiorno called the team together and said the company would have to “lean into painful feedback” and called the reviews “a gift that we’ve been given.” The problem with this thinking is that, at this point, the product had launched and received the most attention it would ever get, and nearly all of that was negative. Maybe part of the issue is that the company didn’t have a head of marketing until after launch, despite employees “repeatedly asking” for the role to be filled.

It’s unclear how much more runway Humane has left. That $230 million in funding and $7 million in sales needs to cover five years of product development, manufacturing, server time, and paychecks for a peak of 250 employees. The Pin is still for sale at the normal $700–$800 price; the next step ought to be a fire sale of the remaining inventory.

How to build a DOA product: Humane AI Pin founders banned internal criticism Read More »

what-to-expect-at-wwdc-24:-big-ios-changes,-more-vision-pro,-and-so-much-ai

What to expect at WWDC 24: Big iOS changes, more Vision Pro, and so much AI

WWDC 2024 —

There might not be new hardware, but Apple could make up for it with software.

A colorful logo that says

Enlarge / The logo for WWDC24.

Apple

Apple’s annual developer conference, WWDC, kicks off in Cupertino, California, next week. As always, it will start with a livestream keynote on Monday morning at 10 am Pacific, 1 pm Eastern. We’ll be in attendance reporting on the event, so let’s take a moment to take stock of what we expect to see next week.

But first, let’s note something we don’t think we’ll see: Due to some peculiarities about Apple’s upgrade cycles, as well as a push toward the M4, we’re not actually expecting any major hardware announcements at WWDC this year.

That’s OK, though, because it looks like it’s going to be a big one for software news. iOS has seen relatively modest updates in the past couple of years, but that’s about to change.

AI in the spotlight

Most of the rumors leading up to WWDC have been about Apple making plans to announce tons of generative AI features for its platforms. Part of that is because AI is the hot topic right now, so anything about that is bound to get some coverage. However, according to leaks reported on by Bloomberg, The Information, and others, it looks like Apple is going to make a conscious effort to reposition itself as a leader in AI.

Apple was already doing neat things with machine learning in iOS and elsewhere, like features that make image editing easier, smart recommendations, and more. But there have been major new developments in models lately that allow for many new options, as we’ve seen from others like OpenAI, Google, and Microsoft.

We don’t know many details about exactly what Apple will do here beyond it being a focus. The company has published several papers related to new large-language model chatbots, major Siri improvements, image generation, and more, but it’s hard to tell what will become user-facing features.

Possibilities include auto-generated summaries in apps like Mail, new ways to block ads or interact with websites in Safari, GitHub Copilot-like code editing assistance in Xcode, clip art generation for iWork documents, more conversational and larger-scope answers from Siri, new image editing features, expanded accessibility features, new transcription capabilities, and more.

Apple has reportedly been in talks with companies like OpenAI and Google (it even sounds like a deal has already been reached with OpenAI) about augmenting Siri and other parts of the iOS or macOS experience with an external AI chatbot. Apple has reportedly experimented with its own chatbot, but it’s unlikely that one would be far enough along to be a strong alternative to the likes of ChatGPT. At a minimum, expect Apple to partner with at least one company (probably OpenAI) as a provider for out-of-scope answers to queries asked of Siri or in Spotlight.

There have been rumblings that Apple could offer users a choice of multiple AI providers or launch an AI App Store, but we don’t know for sure how it will all take shape.

iOS and iPadOS 18

iOS 18 (and its close sibling, iPadOS 18) will roll out later this year alongside new iPhones, likely in September or October. But WWDC is the first time we’ll get a look at the major features Apple has planned.

Typically, Apple announces most new iOS features during the upcoming keynote, but it might save a couple that are are related to as-yet unannounced iPhone hardware for later.

The rumor mill this year points to an overhaul of both Control Center and Settings, plus the aforementioned inclusion of numerous new machine learning, LLM, or image generation features. One rumored example of how AI could be used in iOS described a new home screen that allows users to quickly recolor app icons to create a consistent color palette across their phone. Apple might even allow users to place icons wherever they want, addressing the irritating “wobble mode” home screen management that we’ve criticized in our iOS reviews for years.

Expect big new features for Messages, too, like new text effects and formatting options. There’s also a strong possibility that Apple will go into detail about RCS support in iOS. Generative AI could allow users to create custom emojis or stickers, too.

There were also a few rumors that Apple will make some visual changes to iOS, borrowing a bit from the visual language we saw in visionOS this spring.

Oh, and one more thing: iPadOS is finally getting a calculator app. We’re not sure why that took so long, but there it is.

What to expect at WWDC 24: Big iOS changes, more Vision Pro, and so much AI Read More »

apple-will-update-iphones-for-at-least-5-years-in-rare-public-commitment

Apple will update iPhones for at least 5 years in rare public commitment

finally, something in writing —

UK regulation requires companies to say how long they plan to provide support.

Apple will update iPhones for at least 5 years in rare public commitment

Apple

Apple has taken a rare step and publicly committed to a software support timeline for one of its products, as pointed out by MacRumors. A public regulatory filing for the iPhone 15 Pro (PDF) confirms that Apple will support the device with new software updates for at least five years from its “first supply date” of September 22, 2023, which would guarantee support until at least 2028.

Apple published the filing to comply with new Product Security and Telecommunications Infrastructure (PSTI) regulations from the UK that went into effect in late April. As this plain-language explainer from the Center for Cybersecurity Policy and Law summarizes, the PSTI regulations (among other things) don’t mandate a specific support window for manufacturers of Internet-connected devices, but they do require companies to publish a concrete support window and contact information for someone at the company who can be contacted with bug reports.

As publications like Android Authority have pointed out, five years is less than some Android phone makers like Google and Samsung have publicly committed to; both companies have said they’ll support their latest devices for seven years. But in reality, Apple usually hits or exceeds this seven-year timeline for updates—and does so for iPhones released nearly a decade ago and not just its newest products.

2017’s iPhone 8 and iPhone X, for example, are still receiving iOS 16 security updates. 2015’s iPhone 6S and 2016’s iPhone 7 were receiving iOS 15 updates as recently as March 2024, though these appear to have dried up in recent months. Each of these iPhones also received six or seven years’ worth of new major iOS releases, though not every phone that gets an iOS update supports every feature that newer devices get.

So Apple’s five-year pledge is notable less because it’s an improvement on or departure from the norm but more because Apple virtually never commits to software support timelines in writing.

Take those iOS 15 updates—Apple provided them for nearly a year and a half for iPhones and iPads that didn’t meet the requirements for iOS 16 or 17 but then abruptly (apparently) stopped releasing them. There was never a public commitment to continue releasing iOS 15 updates after iOS 16 came out, nor has there been any statement about iOS 15 updates being discontinued; we can only assume based on the fact that multiple iOS 16 and 17 updates have been released since March with no corresponding update for iOS 15.

The situation with the Mac is the same. Apple’s longstanding practice for decades has been to support the current version of macOS plus the two preceding versions, but that policy is not written down anywhere.

Contrast this with Microsoft, which generally commits to 10-year support timelines for new versions of Windows and publishes specific end-of-support dates years in advance; when Microsoft makes changes, it’s usually to extend the availability of updates in some way. Google has been making similar commitments for Chromebooks and officially certified ChromeOS Flex devices. These public timelines may tie a company’s hands, but they also make it easier for individuals, businesses, and schools to plan technology purchases and upgrades, and make it easier to know exactly how much support you can expect for a hand-me-down used or refurbished system.

Though the PSTI regulations only technically apply in the UK, it’s unlikely that Apple would go to the trouble of releasing iOS security updates in some countries without releasing those updates in all of them. But because a five-year support timeline is so much shorter than what Apple normally provides, it probably won’t matter that much. If Apple exceeds its stated support timeline, the PSTI law requires it to publish a new timeline “as soon as is practicable,” but for now, that date is far off.

Apple will update iPhones for at least 5 years in rare public commitment Read More »

the-motorola-edge-2024-comes-to-the-us-for-$550

The Motorola Edge 2024 comes to the US for $550

Fix your update plan —

Motorola’s Pixel 8a fighter is headed to a carrier store near you.

  • The Motorola Edge 2024.

    Motorola

  • Some companies are still making curved screens.

    Motorola

  • The bottom, which just features a sim tray, speaker, and USB-C port.

    Motorola

  • The top.

    Motorola

  • The side.

    Motorola

Motorola’s newest phone is the Motorola Edge 2024. This is a mid-range phone with the new Qualcomm Snapdragon 7s Gen 2. It costs $550 and will be in stores June 20. Every Motorola phone nowadays looks exactly the same, but Motorola assures us this is new.

The Snapdragon 7s Gen 2 is the bottom of Qualcomm’s “7 series” lineup and features four Cortex-A78 cores and four Cortex-A55 cores built on a 4 nm manufacturing process. The phone has a 144 Hz, 6.6-inch 2400×1080 OLED panel with curved sides. It has 8GB of RAM, 256GB of storage, a 5000 mAh battery, 68 W wired charging, and 15 W wireless charging. Cameras include a mid-range 50 MP Sony “LYTIA” 700C, 13 MP wide-angle, and a 32 MP front camera. The phone has NFC, Wi-Fi 6E, an in-screen fingerprint reader, and—a big addition compared to other Motorola devices—an IP68 rating for dust and water resistance.

Just like on the Moto G Stylus, this phone has a “vegan leather” back option that should be softer than the usual plastic, but it’s still plastic. Unlike that phone, there’s no headphone jack or MicroSD slot. A customizable hardware button on the left side of the phone lets you open the Google Assistant or whatever other app you choose.

Motorola doesn’t officially list the update plan on its site, but the 2023 Motorola Edge has a whopping one OS update and three years of security updates. We’ve asked Motorola if that changed and will update this article if we hear back. This is usually a major downside of Motorola devices. And speaking of updates, the $550 price tag makes this Motorola’s alternative to the $500 Google Pixel 8a, which is getting seven years of OS and security updates. The Pixel is a smaller device (6.1 inches) with a smaller battery (4482 mAh) and less storage (128GB), but the Pixel’s better software, faster SoC, and dramatically longer update plan make it easy to choose over the Motorola.

The phone will land at Amazon, Best Buy, and motorola.com on June 20, with “subsequent availability” at carrier stores like “T-Mobile, Metro by T-Mobile, Spectrum, Consumer Cellular, and on Straight Talk, Total By Verizon, and Visible.”

The Motorola Edge 2024 comes to the US for $550 Read More »

microsoft-to-test-“new-features-and-more”-for-aging,-stubbornly-popular-windows-10

Microsoft to test “new features and more” for aging, stubbornly popular Windows 10

but the clock is still ticking —

Support ends next year, but Windows 10 remains the most-used version of the OS.

Microsoft to test “new features and more” for aging, stubbornly popular Windows 10

Microsoft

In October 2025, Microsoft will stop supporting Windows 10 for most PC users, which means no more technical support and (crucially) no more security updates unless you decide to pay for them. To encourage adoption, the vast majority of new Windows development is happening in Windows 11, which will get one of its biggest updates since release sometime this fall.

But Windows 10 is casting a long shadow. It remains the most-used version of Windows by all publicly available metrics, including Statcounter (where Windows 11’s growth has been largely stagnant all year) and the Steam Hardware Survey. And last November, Microsoft decided to release a fairly major batch of Windows 10 updates that introduced the Copilot chatbot and other changes to the aging operating system.

That may not be the end of the road. Microsoft has announced that it is reopening a Windows Insider Beta Channel for PCs still running Windows 10, which will be used to test “new features and more improvements to Windows 10 as needed.” Users can opt into the Windows 10 Beta Channel regardless of whether their PC meets the requirements for Windows 11; if your PC is compatible, signing up for the less-stable Dev or Canary channels will still upgrade your PC to Windows 11.

Any new Windows 10 features that are released will be added to Windows 10 22H2, the operating system’s last major yearly update. Per usual for Windows Insider builds, Microsoft may choose not to release all new features that it tests, and new features will be released for the public version of Windows 10 “when they’re ready.”

One thing this new beta program doesn’t change is the end-of-support date for Windows 10, which Microsoft says is still October 14, 2025. Microsoft says that joining the beta program doesn’t extend support. The only way to continue getting Windows 10 security updates past 2025 is to pay for the Extended Security Updates (ESU) program; Microsoft plans to offer these updates to individual users but still hasn’t announced pricing for individuals. Businesses will pay as much as $61 per PC for the first year of updates, while schools will pay as little as $1 per PC.

Beta program or no, we still wouldn’t expect Windows 10 to change dramatically between now and its end-of-support date. We’d guess that most changes will relate to the Copilot assistant, given how aggressively Microsoft has moved to add generative AI to all of its products. For example, the Windows 11 version of Copilot is shedding its “preview” tag and becoming an app that runs in a regular window rather than a persistent sidebar, changes Microsoft could also choose to implement in Windows 10.

Microsoft to test “new features and more” for aging, stubbornly popular Windows 10 Read More »

windows-recall-demands-an-extraordinary-level-of-trust-that-microsoft-hasn’t-earned

Windows Recall demands an extraordinary level of trust that Microsoft hasn’t earned

The Recall feature as it currently exists in Windows 11 24H2 preview builds.

Enlarge / The Recall feature as it currently exists in Windows 11 24H2 preview builds.

Andrew Cunningham

Microsoft’s Windows 11 Copilot+ PCs come with quite a few new AI and machine learning-driven features, but the tentpole is Recall. Described by Microsoft as a comprehensive record of everything you do on your PC, the feature is pitched as a way to help users remember where they’ve been and to provide Windows extra contextual information that can help it better understand requests from and meet the needs of individual users.

This, as many users in infosec communities on social media immediately pointed out, sounds like a potential security nightmare. That’s doubly true because Microsoft says that by default, Recall’s screenshots take no pains to redact sensitive information, from usernames and passwords to health care information to NSFW site visits. By default, on a PC with 256GB of storage, Recall can store a couple dozen gigabytes of data across three months of PC usage, a huge amount of personal data.

The line between “potential security nightmare” and “actual security nightmare” is at least partly about the implementation, and Microsoft has been saying things that are at least superficially reassuring. Copilot+ PCs are required to have a fast neural processing unit (NPU) so that processing can be performed locally rather than sending data to the cloud; local snapshots are protected at rest by Windows’ disk encryption technologies, which are generally on by default if you’ve signed into a Microsoft account; neither Microsoft nor other users on the PC are supposed to be able to access any particular user’s Recall snapshots; and users can choose to exclude apps or (in most browsers) individual websites to exclude from Recall’s snapshots.

This all sounds good in theory, but some users are beginning to use Recall now that the Windows 11 24H2 update is available in preview form, and the actual implementation has serious problems.

“Fundamentally breaks the promise of security in Windows”

This is Recall, as seen on a PC running a preview build of Windows 11 24H2. It takes and saves periodic screenshots, which can then be searched for and viewed in various ways.

Enlarge / This is Recall, as seen on a PC running a preview build of Windows 11 24H2. It takes and saves periodic screenshots, which can then be searched for and viewed in various ways.

Andrew Cunningham

Security researcher Kevin Beaumont, first in a thread on Mastodon and later in a more detailed blog post, has written about some of the potential implementation issues after enabling Recall on an unsupported system (which is currently the only way to try Recall since Copilot+ PCs that officially support the feature won’t ship until later this month). We’ve also given this early version of Recall a try on a Windows Dev Kit 2023, which we’ve used for all our recent Windows-on-Arm testing, and we’ve independently verified Beaumont’s claims about how easy it is to find and view raw Recall data once you have access to a user’s PC.

To test Recall yourself, developer and Windows enthusiast Albacore has published a tool called AmperageKit that will enable it on Arm-based Windows PCs running Windows 11 24H2 build 26100.712 (the build currently available in the Windows Insider Release Preview channel). Other Windows 11 24H2 versions are missing the underlying code necessary to enable Recall.

  • Windows uses OCR on all the text in all the screenshots it takes. That text is also saved to an SQLite database to facilitate faster searches.

    Andrew Cunningham

  • Searching for “iCloud,” for example, brings up every single screenshot with the word “iCloud” in it, including the app itself and its entry in the Microsoft Store. If I had visited websites that mentioned it, they would show up here, too.

    Andrew Cunningham

The short version is this: In its current form, Recall takes screenshots and uses OCR to grab the information on your screen; it then writes the contents of windows plus records of different user interactions in a locally stored SQLite database to track your activity. Data is stored on a per-app basis, presumably to make it easier for Microsoft’s app-exclusion feature to work. Beaumont says “several days” of data amounted to a database around 90KB in size. In our usage, screenshots taken by Recall on a PC with a 2560×1440 screen come in at 500KB or 600KB apiece (Recall saves screenshots at your PC’s native resolution, minus the taskbar area).

Recall works locally thanks to Azure AI code that runs on your device, and it works without Internet connectivity and without a Microsoft account. Data is encrypted at rest, sort of, at least insofar as your entire drive is generally encrypted when your PC is either signed into a Microsoft account or has Bitlocker turned on. But in its current form, Beaumont says Recall has “gaps you can drive a plane through” that make it trivially easy to grab and scan through a user’s Recall database if you either (1) have local access to the machine and can log into any account (not just the account of the user whose database you’re trying to see), or (2) are using a PC infected with some kind of info-stealer virus that can quickly transfer the SQLite database to another system.

Windows Recall demands an extraordinary level of trust that Microsoft hasn’t earned Read More »

intel-details-new-lunar-lake-cpus-that-will-go-up-against-amd,-qualcomm,-and-apple

Intel details new Lunar Lake CPUs that will go up against AMD, Qualcomm, and Apple

more lakes —

Lunar Lake returns to a more conventional-looking design for Intel.

A high-level breakdown of Intel's next-gen Lunar Lake chips, which preserve some of Meteor Lake's changes while reverting others.

Enlarge / A high-level breakdown of Intel’s next-gen Lunar Lake chips, which preserve some of Meteor Lake’s changes while reverting others.

Intel

Given its recent manufacturing troubles, a resurgent AMD, an incursion from Qualcomm, and Apple’s shift from customer to competitor, it’s been a rough few years for Intel’s processors. Computer buyers have more viable options than they have in many years, and in many ways the company’s Meteor Lake architecture was more interesting as a technical achievement than it was as an upgrade for previous-generation Raptor Lake processors.

But even given all of that, Intel still provides the vast majority of PC CPUs—nearly four-fifths of all computer CPUs sold are Intel’s, according to recent analyst estimates from Canalys. The company still casts a long shadow, and what it does still helps set the pace for the rest of the industry.

Enter its next-generation CPU architecture, codenamed Lunar Lake. We’ve known about Lunar Lake for a while—Intel reminded everyone it was coming when Qualcomm upstaged it during Microsoft’s Copilot+ PC reveal—but this month at Computex the company is going into more detail ahead of availability sometime in Q3 of 2024.

Lunar Lake will be Intel’s first processor with a neural processing unit (NPU) that meets Microsoft’s Copilot+ PC requirements. But looking beyond the endless flow of AI news, it also includes upgraded architectures for its P-cores and E-cores, a next-generation GPU architecture, and some packaging changes that simultaneously build on and revert many of the dramatic changes Intel made for Meteor Lake.

Intel didn’t have more information to share on Arrow Lake, the architecture that will bring Meteor Lake’s big changes to socketed desktop motherboards for the first time. But Intel says that Arrow Lake is still on track for release in Q4 of 2024, and it could be announced at Intel’s annual Innovation event in late September.

Building on Meteor Lake

Lunar Lake continues to use a mix of P-cores and E-cores, which allow the chip to handle a mix of low-intensity and high-performance workloads without using more power than necessary.

Enlarge / Lunar Lake continues to use a mix of P-cores and E-cores, which allow the chip to handle a mix of low-intensity and high-performance workloads without using more power than necessary.

Intel

Lunar Lake shares a few things in common with Meteor Lake, including a chiplet-based design that combines multiple silicon dies into one big one with Intel’s Foveros packaging technology. But in some ways Lunar Lake is simpler and less weird than Meteor Lake, with fewer chiplets and a more conventional design.

Meteor Lake’s components were spread across four tiles: a compute tile that was mainly for the CPU cores, a TSMC-manufactured graphics tile for the GPU rendering hardware, an IO tile to handle things like PCI Express and Thunderbolt connectivity, and a grab-bag “SoC” tile with a couple of additional CPU cores, the media encoding and decoding engine, display connectivity, and the NPU.

Lunar Lake only has two functional tiles, plus a small “filler tile” that seems to exist solely so that the Lunar Lake silicon die can be a perfect rectangle once it’s all packaged together. The compute tile combines all of the processor’s P-cores and E-cores, the GPU, the NPU, the display outputs, and the media encoding and decoding engine. And the platform controller tile handles wired and wireless connectivity, including PCIe and USB, Thunderbolt 4, and Wi-Fi 7 and Bluetooth 5.4.

This is essentially the same split that Intel has used for laptop chips for years and years: one chipset die and one die for the CPU, GPU, and everything else. It’s just that now, those two chips are part of the same silicon die, rather than separate dies on the same processor package. In retrospect it seems like some of Meteor Lake’s most noticeable design departures—the division of GPU-related functions among different tiles, the presence of additional CPU cores inside of the SoC tile—were things Intel had to do to work around the fact that another company was actually manufacturing most of the GPU. Given the opportunity, Intel has returned to a more recognizable assemblage of components.

Intel is shifting to on-package RAM for Meteor Lake, something Apple also uses for its M-series chips.

Enlarge / Intel is shifting to on-package RAM for Meteor Lake, something Apple also uses for its M-series chips.

Intel

Another big packaging change is that Intel is integrating RAM into the CPU package for Lunar Lake, rather than having it installed separately on the motherboard. Intel says this uses 40 percent less power, since it shortens the distance data needs to travel. It also saves motherboard space, which can either be used for other components, to make systems smaller, or to make more room for battery. Apple also uses on-package memory for its M-series chips.

Intel says that Lunar Lake chips can include up to 32GB of LPDDR5x memory. The downside is that this on-package memory precludes the usage of separate Compression-Attached Memory Modules, which combine many of the benefits of traditional upgradable DIMM modules and soldered-down laptop memory.

Intel details new Lunar Lake CPUs that will go up against AMD, Qualcomm, and Apple Read More »

google-accidentally-published-internal-search-documentation-to-github

Google accidentally published internal Search documentation to GitHub

My author ranking is super high, right Google? —

Commit snafu slapped an irrevocable Apache 2.0 license on confidential API Docs.

A large Google logo at a trade fair.

Getty Images | Alexander Koerner

Google apparently accidentally posted a big stash of internal technical documents to GitHub, partially detailing how the search engine ranks webpages. For most of us, the question of search rankings is just “are my web results good or bad,” but the SEO community is both thrilled to get a peek behind the curtain and up in arms since the docs apparently contradict some of what Google has told them in the past. Most of the commentary on the leak is from SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King.

Google confirmed the authenticity of the documents to The Verge, saying, “We would caution against making inaccurate assumptions about Search based on out-of-context, outdated, or incomplete information. We’ve shared extensive information about how Search works and the types of factors that our systems weigh, while also working to protect the integrity of our results from manipulation.”

The fun thing about accidentally publishing to the GoogleAPI GitHub is that, while these are sensitive internal documents, Google technically released them under an Apache 2.0 license. That means anyone who stumbled across the documents was granted a “perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license” to them, so these are freely available online now, like here.

One of the leaked documents.

Enlarge / One of the leaked documents.

The leak contains a ton of API documentation for Google’s “ContentWarehouse,” which sounds a lot like the search index. As you’d expect, even this incomplete look at how Google ranks webpages is impossibly complex. King writes that there are “2,596 modules represented in the API documentation with 14,014 attributes (features).” These are all documents written by programmers for programmers and rely on a lot of background information that you’d probably only know if you worked on the search team. The SEO community is still poring over the documents and using them to build assumptions on how Google Search works.

Both Fishkin and King accuse Google of “lying” to SEO experts in the past. One of the revelations in the documents is that the click-through rate of a search result listing affects its ranking, something Google has denied goes into the results “stew” on several occasions. The click tracking system is called “Navboost,” in other words, boosting websites users navigate to. Naturally, a lot of this click data comes from Chrome, even when you leave search. For instance, some results can show a small set of “sitemap” results below the main listing, and apparently a part of what powers this is the most-popular subpages as determined by Chrome’s click tracking.

The documents also suggest Google has whitelists that will artificially boost certain websites for certain topics. The two mentioned were “isElectionAuthority” and “isCovidLocalAuthority.”

A lot of the documentation is exactly how you would expect a search engine to work. Sites have a “SiteAuthority” value that will rank well-known sites higher than lesser known ones. Authors also have their own rankings, but like with everything here, it’s impossible to how know everything interacts with everything else.

Both bits of commentary from our SEO experts make them sound offended that Google would ever mislead them, but doesn’t the company need to maintain at least a slightly adversarial relationship with the people who try to manipulate the search results? One recent study found that “search engines seem to lose the cat-and-mouse game that is SEO spam” and found “an inverse relationship between a page’s optimization level and its perceived expertise, indicating that SEO may hurt at least subjective page quality.” None of this additional documentation is likely great for users or Google’s results quality. For instance, now that people know that the click-through rate affects search ranking, couldn’t you boost a website’s listing with a click farm?

Google accidentally published internal Search documentation to GitHub Read More »

spotify-raising-prices-by-up-to-$3-as-frustrated-subs-beg-it-to-“just-do-music”

Spotify raising prices by up to $3 as frustrated subs beg it to “just do music”

As high as $20/month —

Spotify last raised prices in July 2023.

Spotify raising prices by up to $3 as frustrated subs beg it to “just do music”

After keeping Spotify Premium subscription pricing flat since debuting it in 2011, Spotify increased monthly pricing in July 2023 and will do so again in July 2024, it announced today.

Individual monthly subscriptions will increase from $11 per month to $12/month. Family plans, which support up to six members, will go from $17/month to $20/month. Duo plans, for two accounts, are rising from $15/month to $17/month. Spotify didn’t announce pricing changes for its Student ($6/month) or free plans.

Spotify said it’s increasing prices so that it can “continue to invest in and innovate on our product features and bring users the best experience.”

It said it would email subscribers directly “over the next month” about the changes. The message that Spotify said it will send to subscribers will include a link to the account page, where subscribers can cancel their subscription if desired, as well as the support site for asking questions.

“Just do music”

Spotify went 12 years without changing subscription prices, but now it’s doing it for a second time in about a year.

In July 2023, monthly pricing for Spotify’s Premium plan for individual users went from $10 to $11. Duo pricing went from $13 to $15, and the Family and Student plans also each increased by $1 per month. However, these sweeping pricing changes occurred at a time when rivals, like Tidal, were making similar changes. And as Spotify’s first price hike ever, it seemed more digestible.

The second price hike comes as Spotify seeks its first year of profitability. These efforts have included attempts to diversify revenue by expanding from Spotify’s traditional music-streaming service to include things like podcasts, which Spotify has reportedly invested over $1 billion in, and audiobooks, a newer business for Spotify that it fueled with a $123 million Findaway acquisition. Meanwhile, Spotify has been working on adding high-fidelity audio to its service since 2021.

Some subscribers would rather see predictable pricing than new endeavors. For example, a reported user going by “ccolburn” on Spotify’s online forum reacted to this news with a post titled, “I only want music only! Stop increasing the prices to justify adding things I don’t want!“:

I DONT want podcast in my music app. … I dont want audio books when I want music. I also dont wanna pay more for the same service. JUST DO MUSIC!!!! [sic]

Apparent subscribers have shared similar sentiments elsewhere online, like on Reddit, where “crazytalk151” recently wrote:

Can you just do music and stop with all the other crap? No I dont want your shit podcasts or audio books. Just music and the same price. Whats the best alternative? [sic]

A tightrope

But like with many subscription price hikes among streaming services, Spotify’s growing prices are tied to profitability goals. Despite having profitable quarters, the 18-year-old company hasn’t reported a profitable year.

In its Q1 2024 earnings report shared on April 23, Spotify recorded its highest quarterly profit ever, at 1 billion euros (about $1.08 billion). The company noted price increases helping to boost the average revenue it sees per user. However, Spotify’s total monthly active users fell 3 million short of its 618 million user goal. The report also followed about 1,500 layoffs in December 2023.

During Spotify’s Q1 2024 earnings call, Spotify CEO and co-founder Daniel Ek called 2024 Spotify’s “year of monetization” and said the company would focus on “strong revenue growth and margin expansion” via “ambitious plans.” Ek didn’t announce price changes at the time but noted that Spotify often reviews its “value-to-price” ratio in relation to subscription prices, as Variety reported at the time.

Spotify stock opened 5.5 percent higher on news of subscription prices rising, The Wall Street Journal reported today. However, subscribers, who are generally getting increasingly fed up with ever-rising subscription prices, will likely be less impressed by the news.

The announcement of price changes follows Spotify’s recent decision this December to brick its Car Thing hardware after releasing it to the general public in February 2022. Spotify has given some users refunds if they can provide proof of purchase. However, some users online have reported problems with getting refunds due to things like the devices being linked to a third-party or unknown account, people owning multiple devices, or people reportedly being offered Spotify Premium credits initially instead. Spotify has previously declined to specify to Ars Technica the exact criteria required for receiving a full refund on Car Thing.

As Spotify tries to push toward profitability by raising prices and adding new endeavors and by distancing itself from old ones, it walks a tightrope in maintaining the type of customer satisfaction and trust that’ll keep people subscribing.

Spotify raising prices by up to $3 as frustrated subs beg it to “just do music” Read More »

for-the-second-time-in-two-years,-amd-blows-up-its-laptop-cpu-numbering-system

For the second time in two years, AMD blows up its laptop CPU numbering system

this again —

AMD reverses course on “decoder ring” numbering system for laptop CPUs.

AMD's Ryzen 9 AI 300 series is a new chip and a new naming scheme.

Enlarge / AMD’s Ryzen 9 AI 300 series is a new chip and a new naming scheme.

AMD

Less than two years ago, AMD announced that it was overhauling its numbering scheme for laptop processors. Each digit in its four-digit CPU model numbers picked up a new meaning, which, with the help of a detailed reference sheet, promised to inform buyers of exactly what it was they were buying.

One potential issue with this, as we pointed out at the time, was that this allowed AMD to change over the first and most important of those four digits every single year that it decided to re-release a processor, regardless of whether that chip actually included substantive improvements or not. Thus a “Ryzen 7730U” from 2023 would look two generations newer than a Ryzen 5800U from 2021, despite being essentially identical.

AMD is partially correcting this today by abandoning the self-described “decoder ring” naming system and resetting it to something more conventional.

For its new Ryzen AI laptop processors, codenamed “Strix Point,” AMD is still using the same broad Ryzen 3/5/7/9 number to communicate general performance level plus a one- or two-letter suffix to denote general performance and power level (U for ultraportables, HX for higher-performance chips, and so on). A new three-digit processor number will inform buyers of the chip’s generation in the first digit and denote the specific SKU using the last two digits.

AMD is changing how it numbers its laptop CPUs again.

Enlarge / AMD is changing how it numbers its laptop CPUs again.

AMD

In other words, the company is essentially hitting the undo button.

Like Intel, AMD is shifting from four-digit numbers to three digits. The Strix Point processor numbers will start with the 300 series, which AMD says is because this is the third generation of Ryzen laptop processors with a neural processing unit (NPU) included. Current 7040-series and 8040-series processors with NPUs are not being renamed retroactively, and AMD plans to stop using the 7000- and 8000-series numbering for processor introductions going forward.

AMD wouldn’t describe exactly how it would approach CPU model numbers for new products that used older architectures but did say that new processors that didn’t meet the 40+ TOPS requirement for Microsoft’s Copilot+ program would simply use the “Ryzen” name instead of the new “Ryzen AI” branding. That would include older architectures with slower NPUs, like the current 7040 and 8040-series chips.

Desktop CPUs are, once again, totally unaffected by this change. Desktop processors’ four-digit model numbers and alphabetic suffixes generally tell you all you need to know about their underlying architecture; the new Ryzen 9000 desktop CPUs and the Zen 5 architecture were also announced today.

It seems like a lot of work to do to end up basically where we started, especially when the people at AMD who make and market the desktop chips have been getting by just fine with older model numbers for newly released products when appropriate. But to be fair to AMD, there just isn’t a great way to do processor model numbers in a simple and consistent way, at least not given current market realities:

  • PC OEMs that seem to demand or expect “new” product from chipmakers every year, even though chip companies tend to take somewhere between one and three years to release significantly updated designs.
  • The fact that casual and low-end users don’t actually benefit a ton from performance enhancements, keeping older chips viable for longer.
  • Different subsections of the market that must be filled with slightly different chips (consider chips with vPro versus similar chips without it).
  • The need to “bin” chips—that is, disable small parts of a given silicon CPU or GPU die and then sell the results as a lower-end product—to recoup manufacturing costs and minimize waste.

Apple may come the closest to what the “ideal” would probably be—one number for the overarching chip generation (M1, M3, etc.), one word like “Pro” or “Max” to communicate the general performance level, and a straightforward description of the number of CPU and GPU cores included, to leave flexibility for binning chips. But as usual, Apple occupies a unique position: it’s the only company putting its own processors into its own systems, and the company usually only updates a product when there’s something new to put in it, rather than reflexively announcing new models every time another CES or back-to-school season or Windows version rolls around.

In reverting to more traditional model numbers, AMD has at least returned to a system that people who follow CPUs will be broadly familiar with. It’s not perfect, and it leaves plenty of room for ambiguity as the product lineup gets more complicated. But it’s in the same vein as Intel’s rebranding of 13th-gen Core chips, the whole “Intel Processor” thing, or Qualcomm’s unfriendly eight-digit model numbers for its Snapdragon X Plus and Elite chips. AMD’s new nomenclature is a devil, but at least it’s one we know.

For the second time in two years, AMD blows up its laptop CPU numbering system Read More »

amd’s-next-gen-ryzen-9000-desktop-chips-and-the-zen-5-architecture-arrive-in-july

AMD’s next-gen Ryzen 9000 desktop chips and the Zen 5 architecture arrive in July

ryzen again —

But AMD says AM4 will hang around for budget PCs well into 2025.

  • AMD is announcing Ryzen 9000 and Zen 5, the second CPU architecture for its AM5 platform.

    AMD

  • AMD’s Ryzen 9 9950X heads up the new Ryzen 9000 family.

    AMD

  • There are three other variants here, with 12, 8, and 6 Zen 5 CPU cores. The Ryzen 7000 series launched with chips at the same tiers.

    AMD

  • AMD is also announcing a pair of high-end chipsets, though they don’t offer much that’s new; 600-series boards should all support Ryzen 9000 after a BIOS update.

    AMD

  • The Zen 5 CPU architecture powers the Ryzen 9000 series.

    AMD

  • A handful of architectural highlights from Zen 5.

    AMD

  • The performance improvements with Zen 5 are occasionally quite impressive, but on average we’re looking at a 16 percent increase over Zen 4 at the same clock speeds. That’s decent, but not as good as the move from Zen 3 to Zen 4.

    AMD

It’s been almost two years since AMD introduced its Ryzen 7000 series desktop CPUs and the Zen 4 CPU architecture. Today, AMD is announcing the first concrete details about their successors. The Ryzen 9000 CPUs begin shipping in July.

At a high level, the Ryzen 9000 series and Zen 5 architecture offer mostly incremental improvements over Ryzen 7000 (Ryzen 8000 on the desktop is used exclusively for Zen 4-based G-series CPUs with more powerful integrated GPUs). AMD says that Zen 5 is roughly 16 percent faster than Zen 4 at the same clock speeds, depending on the workload—certainly not nothing, and there are some workloads that perform much better. But that number is far short of the 29 percent jump between Zen 3 and Zen 4.

AMD and Intel have both compensated for mild single-core performance improvements in the past by adding more cores, but Ryzen 9000 doesn’t do that. From the 9600X to the 9950X, the chips offer between 6 and 16 full-size Zen 5 cores, the same as every desktop lineup since Zen 2 and the Ryzen 3000 series. De-lidded shots of the processors indicate that they’re still using a total of two or three separate chiplets: one or two CPU chiplets with up to 8 cores each, and a separate I/O die to handle connectivity. The CPU chiplets are manufactured on a TSMC N4 process, an upgrade from the 5nm process used for Ryzen 7000, while the I/O die is still made with a 6nm TSMC process.

Ryzen 9000 has the same layout as the last few generations of Ryzen desktop CPU—two CPU chiplets with up to eight cores each, and an I/O die to handle connectivity.

Enlarge / Ryzen 9000 has the same layout as the last few generations of Ryzen desktop CPU—two CPU chiplets with up to eight cores each, and an I/O die to handle connectivity.

AMD

These chips include no Zen 5c E-cores, as older rumors suggested. Zen 5c is a version of Zen 5 that is optimized to take up less space in a silicon die, at the expense of higher clock speeds; Zen 5c cores are making their debut in the Ryzen AI 300-series laptop chips AMD also announced today. Boosting the number of E-cores has helped Intel match and surpass AMD’s multi-core performance, though Ryzen’s power consumption and efficiency have both outdone Intel’s throughout the 12th-, 13th-, and 14th-generation Core product cycles. Apple also uses a mix of P-cores and E-cores in its  high-end desktop CPU designs.

Ryzen 9000 doesn’t include any kind of neural processing unit (NPU), nor does AMD mention whether the Ryzen 7000’s RDNA 2-based integrated GPU has been upgraded or improved.

AMD is also announcing new X870 and X870E motherboard chipsets to accompany the new processors; as with the X670, the E-series chipset is actually a pair of chipsets on the same motherboard, boosting the number of available USB ports, M.2 slots, and PCIe slots.

The only real improvement here seems to be that all X870-series boards support USB4 and higher EXPO memory overclocking speeds by default. The chipsets also support PCIe 5.0 speeds for the main PCIe slot and M.2 slot, though the X670 chipsets already did this.

The processors’ power requirements aren’t changing, so users with 600-series motherboards ought to be able to use Ryzen 9000 CPUs with little to no performance penalty following a BIOS update.

  • AMD plans to keep the AM4 socket around as a budget platform until at least 2025, according to this slide.

    AMD

  • To that end, it’s announcing a couple more riffs on the old Zen 3-based Ryzen 5000 series, to entice budget builders and upgraders. Pricing hasn’t been announced.

    AMD

Ryzen 9000 doesn’t seem likely to resolve the biggest issues with the AM5 platform, namely the high costs relative to current-gen Intel systems, the high cost relative to AM4-based systems today, and even the high cost relative to AM4-based systems at the same point in the AM4 socket’s lifespan. Motherboards remain more expensive, DDR5 memory remains more expensive, and there are still no AM5 processors available for significantly less than $200.

According to AMD’s own timeline, it plans to keep the AM4 socket around until at least 2025. AM4 is still a surprisingly decent budget platform given that the socket was introduced eight years ago, and AMD does, in fact, continue to trickle out new Ryzen 5000-series CPUs to give buyers and upgrades more options. But it still means that system builders either need to choose between an expensive platform that has a future or a cheaper platform that’s more or less a dead end.

Listing image by AMD

AMD’s next-gen Ryzen 9000 desktop chips and the Zen 5 architecture arrive in July Read More »

amd-intros-ryzen-ai-300-chips-with-zen-5,-better-gpu,-and-hugely-improved-npu

AMD intros Ryzen AI 300 chips with Zen 5, better GPU, and hugely improved NPU

ai everywhere —

High-end Ryzen laptop chips combine big and little Zen cores for the first time.

  • AMD’s Ryzen AI 300 series is its next-gen laptop platform, and the first to support Copilot+ PC features.

    AMD

  • Ryzen AI 300 uses a new CPU architecture, a revamped NPU, and a tweaked GPU architecture that AMD hasn’t said much about.

    AMD

  • Only two high-end processors will be available by July, though others will surely follow.

    AMD

  • How AMD’s new laptop CPU naming scheme applies to Ryzen AI 300.

    AMD

AMD’s next-generation laptop processors are coming later this year, joining new Ryzen 9000 desktop processors and ushering in yet another revamp to the way AMD does laptop CPU model numbers.

But the big thing the company wants to push is the new chips’ performance in generative AI and machine-learning workloads—it’s putting “Ryzen AI” right in the name and emphasizing the presence of an improved neural processing unit (NPU) that meets and exceeds Microsoft’s performance requirements for Copilot+ PCs. The new Ryzen AI 300-series, codenamed Strix Point, succeeds the Ryzen 8040 chips from earlier this year, which were themselves a relatively mild refresh for the Ryzen 7040 processors less than a year before.

AMD promises performance of up to 50 trillion operations per second (TOPS) with its new third-generation NPU, a significant boost from the 10 to 16 TOPS offered by Ryzen 7000 and 8000 processors with NPUs. This would make it faster than the 45 TOPS offered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon X Elite and X Plus in the first wave of Copilot+ compatible PCs, and also Intel’s projected performance for its next-generation Core Ultra chips, codenamed Lunar Lake. All exceed Microsoft’s Copilot+ requirement of 40 TOPS, which enables some Windows 11 features that aren’t normally available on typical PCs. Copilot+ PCs can do more AI processing locally on device rather than relying on the cloud, potentially improving performance and giving users more privacy.

If you don’t particularly care about generative AI, locally executed or otherwise, the Ryzen AI 300 processors also come with an updated CPU based on the same Zen 5 architecture as the desktop chips, plus an “RDNA 3.5” integrated GPU to boost gaming performance for thin-and-light systems that can’t fit a dedicated graphics processor. The chips are being manufactured on a TSMC N4 process.

  • AMD is mostly talking about the performance of the new NPU, which at least according to AMD should slightly outperform offerings from Qualcomm and Intel.

    AMD

  • The new integrated GPUs stack up well against Intel’s current Arc GPUs, though how they perform against next-gen Lunar Lake-based chips is anyone’s guess.

    AMD

AMD is announcing two chips today, both in the high-end Ryzen 9 series. The Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 includes 12 CPU cores and 16 GPU cores, up from a maximum of eight CPU cores and 12 GPU cores for the Ryzen 8040 series. The Ryzen AI 9 365 steps down to 10 CPU cores and 12 GPU cores. Both have the same NPU onboard.

Though an increase in CPU core count suggests big improvements in multi-threaded performance, note that in both chips a majority of the CPU cores (8 in the 370, 6 in the 365) actually use the “Zen 5c” architecture, a variant of Zen 5 that supports the exact same instructions and features but is optimized for small size rather than high clock speeds. The result is essentially AMD’s version of one of Intel’s E-cores, though without the truly heterogeneous CPU architecture that has caused incompatibility problems with some apps and games.

This isn’t the first time we’ve seen a mix of big and small CPU cores from AMD, but it is the first time we’ve seen it at the high-end. Zen 4c cores only really showed up in lower-end, lower-power CPU designs in the Ryzen 3 and 5 and Ryzen Z1 families.

Perhaps tellingly, AMD offered no direct comparisons between the CPU performance of the Ryzen AI 300 chips and the Ryzen 8040 series, opting instead to compare to offerings from Intel, Qualcomm, and Apple. This certainly doesn’t mean performance has regressed generation over generation, but it is usually code for “this isn’t the kind of improvement we want to draw attention to.”

AMD also didn’t offer performance comparisons between the new Radeon 890M and 880M and the old Radeon 780M. The company said that the 890M was an average of 36 percent faster in a small selection of games compared to the Intel Arc integrated GPU in the Meteor Lake Core Ultra chips and 60 percent faster than the Snapdragon X Elite in the 3DMark Night Raid benchmark (this was part of a slide that was specifically highlighting the performance impact of translating x86 code on Arm chips, though for the time being it’s true that the vast majority of games running on Snapdragon PCs will have to deal with the overhead of code translation).

AMD says that the Ryzen AI chips are slated to appear in “100+ platforms from OEMs” starting in July 2024, a month or so after Microsoft and Qualcomm’s first wave of Snapdragon X-equipped Copilot+ PCs. Ryzen AI will also compete with Intel’s next-gen Lunar Lake chips, also due out sometime later this year.

Listing image by AMD

AMD intros Ryzen AI 300 chips with Zen 5, better GPU, and hugely improved NPU Read More »